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<br />EXPLANATION OF GEOLOGIC MAP UNITS
<br />TOW -Ohio Creek Wasatch Formations (Eocene and Paleocene):
<br />Van- colored (usually red, purple, green, yellow, and gray) mudstone and siltstone with
<br />interbedded medium -gray, lenticular sandstone and conglomeratic sandstone. The
<br />formation generally is obscured by surficial deposits. is prone to mass - wasting, and
<br />is potentially unstable.
<br />Knry - Mesa Verde Formations (late Cretaceous):
<br />Brown, gray: and light gray to white sandstone interbedded with dark gray shale.
<br />Commercially important coal beds occur in the lower part of the formation. The
<br />formation forms very steep slopes which are subject to rockfalls and other mass -
<br />wasting processes. In many places these steep slopes are stable.
<br />Kill - Mancos Shale (late Cretaceous):
<br />A dark brown to gray laminated silty shale which is prone to erosion and mass
<br />wasting especially where mantled by thin colluvium. The shale locally contains
<br />swelling clays (montmorillonite) and water corrosive to concrete. Flash floods
<br />and mudflows occur along drainages that traverse the Mancos Shale.
<br />Glacial Deposits
<br />oat - Floodplain alluvium (Holocene): Mixtures of silt, sand, pebbles, and cobbles that
<br />have been recently deposited and /or reworked by fluvial processes. The alluvium
<br />forms the physiographic floodplains of the modern drainage system and is a
<br />potential source of sand, gravel, and crushed -rock aggregate.
<br />Qas - Slope -wash debris (Holocene to late Pleistocene): Generally fine- grained soil and
<br />rock detritus transported and deposited by running water that is not confined to
<br />channels. The deposits form a relatively thin veneer over older surficial deposits
<br />or bedrock, may include some wind -blown (eolian) material, and may be easily
<br />eroded if protective vegetation is removed.
<br />Qagy - Younger alluvial gravels (late Pleistocene): Poorly sorted, rounded to subrounded,
<br />unconsolidated pebbles and cobbles in a matrix of sand and silt. These gravels vary
<br />greatly in composition because of local source conditions and they cap the first
<br />well- defined terrace above modern streams. Sheet flooding, erosion, and local
<br />swelling soils are important geologic hazards associated with these gravels.
<br />Qagm - Middle alluvial gravels (middle Pleistocene). Poorly sorted, rounded to subrounded,
<br />poorly consolidated gravels in a fine - grained matrix. These gravels have a better developed
<br />soil profile and have a greater amount of weathered igneous -rock fragments than the younger
<br />alluvial gravels. Middle gravels include alluvial -fan and river - terrace materials, form nearly
<br />planar surfaces situated at two or more levels, and are subject to sheet flooding and erosion.
<br />QTa - High -level alluvium (QuaternarylTertiary): Bouldery alluvial deposits that form
<br />planar, gently sloping surfaces high above modern streams. The location and
<br />occurrence of the deposits (Tweto and others, 1976) suggest formation during
<br />the Tertiary or early Quaternary. These deposits are subject to sheet flooding
<br />and erosion.
<br />Colluvial Deposits
<br />Qls - Landslide deposits (Holocene to late Pleistocene): A heterogeneous assemblage
<br />of unconsolidated soil and /or rock formed by slow to rapid downward and outward
<br />mass movement in response to gravitational stress. These deposits, which include
<br />earthflows, usually form an irregular, hummocky topography and may have an
<br />associated main scarp. Relative age of the deposits is noted by subscripts (1 is
<br />the youngest). Qlsl deposits most likely were formed during the Holocene and Q's 2
<br />and QIs3 deposits probably were formed during the Wisconsin glacial stage.
<br />Qmf - Mudflow deposits (Holocene): Clay and fine - grained debris that may include larger
<br />rock fragments incorporated into the debris during downslope movement of the wet.
<br />viscous mass of soil and rock material. The deposits have a youthful physiography
<br />characterized by a gently undulating topography with an incised, braided drainage
<br />network. With decreasing viscosity during movement the deposits grade to fluvial
<br />sediments and with increasing viscosity grade to slow- moving earthflows.
<br />Qdit,2 - Debris -fan deposits (Holocene to late Pleistocene): Unsorted, unconsolidated
<br />debris of soil, rock, and displaced vegetation deposited where stream gradient
<br />decreases. This gradient decrease most commonly near the confluence of a
<br />tributary stream with a larger trunk stream. Usually composed of mud, sheet -, and
<br />debris -flow material, the deposits result from the rapid movement and deposition
<br />of solid material during unusually heavy r n or snowmelt runoff. 0I {deposits
<br />probably formed during the Holocene; Qd� deposits most likely were deposited
<br />during previous glacial stages.
<br />Qda - Debris - avalanche deposits (Holocene): Unsorted mixtures of soil and rock
<br />material formed by their generally sudden and rapid downslope movement and
<br />deposition. Usually formed during periods of rainfall, the deposits generally
<br />produce a relatively small, elongate rise that may extend out to gently sloping
<br />areas below the steep slopes from which the materials originate.
<br />Qsfc 1,23 - Slope- failure - complex (unit) deposits (Holocene to late Pleistocene):
<br />Unsorted mixtures of soil and rock material formed by various mass- wasting
<br />processes including landslides, earthflows, mudflows, soil creep, and debris
<br />avalanches. Not all of these processes occur within a specific deposit and the
<br />age of movement may vary with a particular area. The general age of the unit is
<br />noted by subscripts (i is the youngest).
<br />Qcw - Colluvial -wedge deposits (Holocene to late Pleistocene): Unconsolidated,
<br />heterogeneous soil material and rock fragments f ou n d near the base of a slope.
<br />Formed by gravity- dominated processes, the deposits may be subject to
<br />continued mass - wasting.
<br />IIIIII VIII VIII VIII VIII VIII IIII IOI
<br />LEGEND.
<br />C -1 SURFACE WATER MONITORING STATION
<br />SPRING
<br />COAL REFUSE
<br />Bs GROUND WATER MONITORING WELL
<br />1
<br />H ❑ SPRINGS & STOCKPONDS
<br />- - - - - - PERMIT BOUNDARY
<br />- --- COUNTY LINE
<br />— - — PERENNIAL STREAM
<br />- -
<br />INTERMITTENT OR EPHEMERAL STREAM
<br />- -
<br />DITCH
<br />— — RAILROAD
<br />\ LAKE
<br />PAVED ROAD
<br />? 1
<br />SECONDARY ROAD
<br />- - -- 4WD ROAD
<br />GEOLOGIC HAZARDS BOUNDARY AREA
<br />GEOLOGIC UNIT BOUNDARY
<br />❑
<br />EXPLANATION OF GEOLOGIC HAZARDS UNITS
<br />B ,
<br />A is t LANDSLIDE
<br />is 2 (Relative age of landslides is indicated by subscripts 11 is the youngest ] )
<br />'- is 3
<br />mf - MUDFLOW
<br />da - DEBRIS AVALANCHE
<br />rf - ROCKFALL
<br />dff - DEBRIS FAN
<br />df 2 (Relative age of debris fans is indicated by subscripts [ 1 is the youngest ] )
<br />sfc 1 - SLOPE FAILURE COMPLEX
<br />sfc 2 (Relative age of this unit is indicated by subscripts [ 1 is the youngest ] )
<br />sfc3
<br />`'-
<br />_ us UNSTABLE SLOPE
<br />' pus POTENTIALLY UNSTABLE SLOPE
<br />_ pfp - PHYSIOGRAPHIC FLOODPLAIN
<br />Sf SHEET FLOW FLOODING AND EROSION
<br />- pms POTENTIAL MINE SUBSIDENCE
<br />ph POTENTIAL HYDROCOMPACTION
<br />- es EXPANSIVE (SWELLING) SOIL OR ROCK
<br />(ECEIVEI-
<br />SEP 05 2000
<br />SCALE
<br />2000' 0 2000' 4000'
<br />—t nommosor—
<br />CONTOUR INTERVAL 40 FT.
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<br />nXBOW P.O. Box 535
<br />Sanborn Creek Mine Somerset, CO. 81434
<br />f'RC_I
<br />PERMIT REVISION PR -04
<br />DRAW NO I I' I
<br />REGIONAL GEOLOGY /HY®ROL OG Y
<br />Permit Number —
<br />class;R!"ermit
<br />Section /Exhibit : C� "% i' .c
<br />- ! -
<br />I Class' 0 Revision
<br />Type /S: eq: _. _. _- _- _- _- _._- _- - -_ -_ . _. _._
<br />-
<br />'OGe
<br />..
<br />..
<br />-
<br />— Class❑ R eport O Hydro ner-al
<br />Doc ._..... — _...... — - -_ -
<br />' '
<br />2.04-M2
<br />DType:
<br />Application (coal only) 0 Bond ❑ Enbrcemenl U Inspection
<br />IIIIII VIII VIII VIII VIII VIII IIII IOI
<br />
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