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about 2,500 feet by belt conveyor over the Arkansas river, a railroad and highway from secondary crushing in the quarry to the off-site cement plant. The Boettcher, Colorado cement plant was constructed as close as convenient to the major source of limestone and shale, but this unusual quarry now extends up to 5 miles northward. Chemical grade limestone from remote locations has always been required. Sandstone and gypsum are extracted from remote quarries and trans- ported to the Boettcher plant. 4. Ideal's cement plants located in 11 other states, some of which have affected land definitions almost identical to Colorado regulations, have been uniformly excluded from "affected lands." 5. On March 2, 1978 Mr. Roy Stienmier and the writer attended a Colorado Mined Land Reclamation board meeting in which inclusion of concentrating facilities was discussed. Later that day we dis- cussed Ideal's exclusion of cement plant facilities with staff specialist, P1r, Jim Schmieding. Plr. C. C. McCall was in an adja- cent office, so the question was further discussed with him where some of the exclusion factors were mentioned, including the use of other raw materials, We were then assured that the cement plant should not be included in affected land. 6. The brochure "The Making of Portland Cement" describes the heavy industrial type facilities that are very expensive installations. As a result, high taxes, salvage of equipment and other considerations have provided a sufficient incentive to demolish and reclaim obsolete or unused structures and equip- ment. During the last 8 years Ideal has demolished facilities at four plants that were shut down. At four other locations, all facilities Caere removed except structures and equipment that have been leased or have utility for other purposes. 7. Ideal currently operates fifteen modern cement production plants with projected life periods from of 50 to several hundred years. Plants were constructed in recent years at three entirely new locations. Fully independent production facilities were later constructed at six existing cement plant locations, Unuseable structures were then demolished and the areas reclaimed. The Portland, Colorado plantsite has had three independent cement production units, two of which are currently in operation. Ex- tensive additions or improvements have been provided at four loca- tions including the Boettcher, Colorado plant, where another major improvement, with increased production, is currently scheduled. At Mobile, Alabama a new production facility is scheduled at an estimated cost of 175 million dollars. This review of plant sites is given in order to emphasize the extremely long life expectancy as compared to structures and life span of the average mining operation around which current -4-