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i i PUEBLO ABEA,COLORADO typically is gray very stony loam about 8 inches thick. The subsurface layer is brown very stony clay about 4 inches thick. The subsoil is reddish-brown very stony clay about 27 inches thick. The underlying material is reddish-brown very stony clay loam that extends to a depth of 60 inches or more. The Mortenaon and Varner soils are the least exten- sive in this association. The Mortenaon soils are deep very stony soils on steep mountainsides. The Varner soils are shallow very stony soils on steep mountain- sides. The soils of this association are used for timber, grazing, wildlife habitat, recreation, and housing sites. The native vegetation consists of ponderosa pine and mixed conifers. The hazard of erosion is slight. 2. Nunn-Stroupe-Holderness association Deep to shallow, well drained clay looms, extremely stony looms, and silt loamy that formed in loess, allw vium, and materials weathered from sandstone, lime- stone, and shale This soil association is in the western part of the survey area. It is on hills, ridges, mesas, and foothill slopes. The slope is 0 to 25 percent. Permeability is aloes, and the available water capacity is high to low. This association makes up about 4 percent of the survey area. It consists of about 60 percent Nunn soils, 14 percent Stroupe soils, 13 percent Holderness soils, and 13 percent Wormser, Denver, Neville, .LaPorte, Nederland, and Table Mountain soils. Nunn soils have a slope of as much as 9 percent and are deep. These soils formed in loess and residuum that weathered from sandstone. They are on uplands and mesas. The surface layer typically is grayish-brown clay loam about 9 inches thick. The subsoil is brown heavy clay loam to about 23 inches thick. The underly- ing material is pale-brown loam that extends to a depth of 60 inches or more. Stroupe soils are moderately deep, and they formed in residuum that weathered from sandstone. They are on mesas, ridges, and upland plains. The surface layer typically is brown extremely stony loam about 9 inches thick. The subsoil isreddish-brown very stony clay loam about 16 inches thick. Sandstone bedrock is at a depth of about 26 inches. Holderness soils are deep. They are on foothills and mesas. The surface layer typically is grayish-brown silt loam about 6 inches thick. The subsoil is brown heavy silty clay loam about 24 inches thick over brown clay loam 12 inches thick. The underlying material is lightbrown loam about 6 inches thick. Sandstone is at a depth of 48 to 60 inches or more, The Wormser, Denver, Neville, LaPorte, Nederland, and Table Mountain soils are the least extensive in this association. Wormser sails are moderately deep clayey soils that are underlain by sandstone bedrock. Denver soils are deep clayey soils that were derived from shale. LaPorte soils are shallow and are underlain by interbedded limestone and shale. Neville soils are deep sandy loam sad loam soils that were derived from red sandstone. Nederland soils are deep cobbly soils on terrace edges, Table Mountain soils are deep alluvial soils on stream terraces. The soils of this association are used for dryland wheat, feed crops, and grazing. The native vegetation consists of short and mid grasses of the foothills, such shrubs as mountainmahogany and skunkbush, pinyon pine, juniper, and Gambei oak. The hazard of erosion is alight. Soils on Dissected Plains The soils in this group are mainly shallow and moderately deep, excessively drained to well-drained channery looms, gravelly sandy looms, and looms. These soils formed in material that weathered from sandstone and limestone. The slope is as much as 90 percent, and elevation is 4,400 to 6,200 foot. The aver- age annual precipitation is 12 inches, and the frost- free season is 130 to 175 days. The native vegetation mainly consists of short and mid grasses of the plains, pinyon pine, and juniper. The soils in this group are used mostly for grazing, but management is difficult because of areas of Rock outcrop and steep slopes. Two soil associations are in this group. 3. Travessilla association Shallow sandy looms that formed in material weath- ered from interbedded sandstone and shale This soil association is in the southern and north- western parts of the survey area. It is on hills, ridges, escarpments, and upland plain remnants. The slope is 1 to 90 percent. Permeability is moderate, and the available water capacity is low. This association makes up about 6 percent of the survey area. It consists of about 60 percent Traves- silla soils, 20 percent Rock outcrop, and 20 percent Kim, Wiley, and Haverson soils. Travessilla soils have a slope of mostly 1 to 9 per- cent but range to more than 30 percent. These are shallow soils in areas along the rim of mesas and steep side slopes of canyons. The surface layer typically is pinkish-gray sandy loam 6 inches thick. The sub- surface layer is light-brown sandy loam and light. brown loam. Sandstone is at a depth of 10 to 20 inches. Rock outcrop is along the rim of mesas. The Kim, Wiley, and Haverson soils are the ]east extensive in this association. The Kim soils are deep loam soils. The Wiley soils are deep silt loam soils that are underlain by sandstone at a depth of several feet. The Haverson soils are deep loam soils in drainage- ways. The soils of this association are used for grazing. The native vegetation consists of short and mid grasses of the plains, juniper, pinyon pine, and scattered pon- derosa pine. Grazing management is difficult because of the steep, rocky slopes. The hazard of erosion is moderate. 4. Penrose-Minnequa association Shallow and moderately deep, somewhat excessively drained and well drained, channery looms and looms that formed in materials weathered from interbedded limestone and shale This soil association is throughout the survey area except in the extreme western and northeastern parts.