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Disturbed azeas will be subjected to final grading, but will remain in a rough condition to assist stability and resist <br />slippage of topsoil after reapplication. Leaving the, graded surface in a roughened configuration also improves <br />moisture permeability between the spoil/topsoil interface (Bauer et at. 1976). Scrapers will reapply topsoil along the <br />• contour whenever possible. The tracks made by scrapers create a "terracing" effect that helps to reduce overland <br />surface flow and the potential loss of topsoil. Following topsoil reapplication, but before seeding, the topsoil will be <br />graded to insure a uniform and stable thickness which will be consistent with the reclamation and revegetation <br />requirements. <br />Prior to seeding, which will be initiated as soon as practical after final grading, topsoiled sites will be chisel-plowed <br />in order to alleviate compaction and promote water infiltration. Chisel,;plowing has been a highly effgctive means of <br />temporary' stabilization prior to vegetation establishment. Dollhopf e4 al. (1977) reported that chisel-plowed topsoil <br />at the Savage, Beulah and Colstrip Surface Mines were only surpassed by the radical treatment of dozer basins in <br />reducing overland water flow from reclaimed mine sites. The water detention capacity of chisel-plowed topsoil is <br />reported by Dollhopf et al. (1977) as 176,4001iters per hectaze, or 2,SZ1.3 cubic feet per acre. <br />Another stabilization technique which serves to minimize erosion is contour furrowing. Disturbed land within the <br />proposed permit area will be contour furrowed following seeding. Atypical cross section of a contour furrow is <br />depicted in Figure 12, Design of Typical Contour Furrow. According to data derived from studies at the Energy <br />Mine No. 1, the water detention capacity of these furrows, when spaced thirty feet apart, is 2,599.7 cubiafeet per <br />acre. <br />• <br /> <br />PR06-07 2.05 -106.2 11/07/06 <br />