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<br />~ima~i!~ rira~::!e. Elevatton is 8.500 to 9,200 feet. The
<br />aver;,ge a ~^ual precipitation is 16 to 20 inches, the
<br />avera;,^ an:. ~aI air temperature is 40 to 44 degrees F,
<br />and the fr(7s;~fror. season is 55 to 75 days.
<br />Typically, the surface layer is grayish brown sandy
<br />loam 4 inches thick. The subsoil extends to a depth Of
<br />19 inches. It is dark grayish brown sandy loam in the
<br />upper 4 inches and light yellowish brown sandy clay
<br />loam in the lower 11 inches. The substratum is light
<br />yellowish brown sandy clay loam. Weathered granite
<br />bedrock is at a depth of 30 inches. The soil is neutral to
<br />a depth cf 2a inches and mildly alkaline and calcareous
<br />below that depth.
<br />Included with this soil in mapping are areas of Coutis
<br />sandy loam on foot slopes and in drainageways. These
<br />areas make up about 20 percent of the map unit.
<br />Permeabc:pr of this Bulfork soil is moderate, and the
<br />available w:rler capacity is low. The effective rooting
<br />depth is 20 to 40 inches. Surface runoff is medium, and
<br />the hazard of erosion is very high.
<br />Most arcls are used as rangeland.
<br />The potential native vegetation is mainly Arizona
<br />fescue, mountain mutely, western wheatgrass, and Parry
<br />oatgrass. As the range deteriorates, blue grama, pinque,
<br />fringed sagebrush, snakeweed, and rabbitbrush increase.
<br />Renovatinct and using a planned grazing system, cross
<br />fencing, and livestock water developments help to
<br />prevent range deterioration and promote the production
<br />~i the more desirable plants. In renovating, seed should
<br />be drilled ~nlo a well prepared, firm, weed-tree seedbed.
<br />Suitable clrasses for seeding are intermediate
<br />wheatgrass, pubescent wheatgrass, western wheatgrass,
<br />nodding brome, and Arizona fescue.
<br />This soil is well suited to use as homesites. Features
<br />that are somewhat limiting are slope, depth to rock, and
<br />moderate shnnking and swelling of the subsoil. The
<br />bedrock can be dug 1 to 3 feet with a light backhoe.
<br />Septic tank absorption fields will function over much of
<br />the area if they are not [oo closely spaced. Depth to
<br />bedrock liniit~ the amount of effluent that the soil Can
<br />adequately filter.
<br />This soil is rn capability subclass Vie, nonirrigated.
<br />7-Bulfork Variant cobbly sandy loam, 20 to 40
<br />percent slopes. This is a moderately deep, well drained
<br />soil on side slopes along drainageways. It formed .n
<br />residuum from conglomeratic tuff. The average annual
<br />. precipitation is 16 to 18 inches, the average annual air
<br />temperature ~s 40 to 44 degrees F, and the Trost-free
<br />season is 55 to 75 days.
<br />Typically, the surface layer is very dark grayish brown
<br />cobbly sandy loam 2 inches thick. The subsoil extends to
<br />a tlepth of 74 inches. It is dark grayish brown sandy clay
<br />loam in the upper 6 inches and brown gravelly sandy
<br />- clay loam in the lower 6 inches. The substratum is light
<br />gray very gravelly loamy coarse sand 7 inches thick.
<br />• Weathered conglomerate is at a depth of 21 inches. The
<br />soil is neutral.
<br />• Soil survey
<br />Included with this soil in mapping are areas o1 Coutis
<br />Sandy loam on toot slopes and in drainageways. They
<br />make up about 15 percent of the unit. Also included, and
<br />making up about 5 percent, are areas of Libeg extremely
<br />cobbly sandy loam on ridgetops.
<br />Permeability Of this Bulfork soil is moderate, and the
<br />available water capacity is low. The effective rooting
<br />depth is ZO to 40 inches. Surface runoff is medium, and
<br />the hazard of erosion is very high.
<br />All of the acreage is used as rangeland.
<br />The potential native vegetation is mainly Arizona
<br />fescue, mountain mutely, pine dropseed, and
<br />mountainmahogany. As the range deteriorates, blue
<br />grama, slimstem mutely, and rabbitbrush increase. The
<br />use of a planned grazing system, cross tenting, and
<br />livestock water developments helps to prevent range
<br />deterioration and promotes the production of the more
<br />desirable plants. Seeding is somewhat restricted by
<br />slope and cobbles on the surface and is advisable only
<br />on the more gentle slopes. Suitable grasses for seeding
<br />are intermediate wheatgrass, pubescent wheatgrass,
<br />Nordan crested wheatgrass, western wheatgrass, and
<br />Arizona fescue.
<br />This soil is poorly suited to use as homesites. Limiting
<br />features are slope and depth to rock. Excavation and
<br />construction of roads, utility lines, and foundations is
<br />difficult because slopes are steep. Septic tank absorption
<br />fields will not function properly because slopes are steep
<br />and bedrock is at a depth of 20 to 40 inches.
<br />This soil is in capability subclass Vlle, nonirrigated.
<br />8-Coutis sandy loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes. This
<br />is a deep, well drained soil in drainageways and on toot
<br />slopes. It formed in mixed alluvium. Elevation is 7,800 to
<br />8,600 feet. The average annual precipitation is 14 to 20
<br />inches, the average annual air temperature is 40 to 44
<br />degrees F, and the frost-free season is 55 to 75 days.
<br />Typically, the surface layer is dark brown sandy loam
<br />11 inches thick. It is underlain by dark brown sandy loam
<br />37 inches thick. The substratum is brown gravelly loam
<br />to a depth of 60 inches or more. The soil is slightly acid
<br />to a depth of 11 inches and neutral below that depth.
<br />Included with this soil in mapping, and making up
<br />about 5 percent of the unit, are areas of Venable loam
<br />on low stream terraces and in tlepressions,
<br />Permeability of this Coutis soil is moderately. rapid, and
<br />the available water capacity is moderate. The effective
<br />rooting depth is 60 inches or more. Surface runoff is
<br />medium, and the hazard of erosion is moderate.
<br />Most of the acreage is used as rangeland and irrigated
<br />hayland. Mixtures of brome, orchardgrass, pubescent
<br />wheatgrass, and timothy are commonly grown.
<br />Where this soil is irrigated, the main management
<br />concerns are proper use of water, maintenance of soil
<br />fertility, and reduction of soil erosion. Flooding is the
<br />common method of irrigation. Corrugation is also a
<br />suitable method. Sprinklers and contour ditches are
<br />suitable if the irrigated area is large enough. The land
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