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~ ~i i~ <br />203.06 <br />8 fee[ wide. Each horizontal cut shall begin at the intersection of the original ground <br />and the vertical sides of [he previous bench. Excavation from benching shall be <br />compacted along with the new embankment material at the Contractor's expense. <br />Where embankment is to be placed and compacted and end dumping is permitted, the <br />slopes of the original ground or embankment shall be deeply plowed or cut into <br />before starting end dumping. <br />Where the base of embankment is within 4 feet of [he subgrade, all sod, and vegetable <br />and other organic matter shall be removed from the surface upon which the <br />embankment is [o be placed. The cleared surface shall be completely broken up by <br />plowing or scarifying [o a minimum depth of 6 inches, and compacted to the specified <br />embankment density. Sod not requiring removal shall be thoroughly disked prior to <br />embankment construction. <br />If embankment can be placed on only one side of structures such as retaining walls, <br />abutments, wing walls, piers, or culvert headwalls, compaction shall be accomplished <br />without overturning of or placing excessive pressure against [he stmcture. When <br />noted on [he plans, the fill adjacent to the abutment of a bridge shall not be placed <br />higher than the bottom of the backwall until the superstructure is in place. When <br />embankment is placed on both sides of a concrete wall or box type stmcture, the <br />• embankment shall be brought up equally on both sides of the stmcmre. <br />Embanktnen[ shall be placed in horizontal layers not to exceed 8 inches loose <br />measurement and shall be compacted as specified before the next layer is placed. <br />Spreading equipment shall be used to obtain uniform thickness prior to compaction. <br />As [he compaction progresses, continuous mixing, teveling, and manipulating shall be <br />done to assure uniform moisture and density. $ridging across streams, ponds, and <br />swampy ground may be placed in layers greater than 8 inches as directed. <br />When embankments are constructed using claystone or soil-like non-durable shale as <br />identified in the plans or by the Engineer, the material shall be pulverized [o a <br />maximum dimension of 12 inches in diameter, placed in a maximum layer thickness <br />of 12 inches and watered to promote slaking and breakdown of the nondurable <br />material in conformance with subsection 203,07. <br />Excavated material containing particles greater than 6 inches in greatest dimension <br />shall not be used as embankment material unless designated in the Contract or <br />approved by the Engineer. When the excavated material consists predominately of <br />rock too large ro be placed in 8 inch layers, the Engineer may permit the material to <br />be placed in thicknesses up to the average rock dimension, not to exceed 3 feet. <br />Placing of occasional boulders of sizes larger than the maximum layer thickness may <br />be authorized by the Engineer. Each layer shall be leveled and smoothed by <br />distribution of finer material or approved embankment material. If the use of leveling <br />equipment is not practicable the Engineer may permit rock fill material to be cast or <br />end dumped. In such cases sufficient hand or machine work will be required to <br />• 143 <br /> <br />