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<br />GUNNISON AREA, COLORADO
<br />loam. The A2 horizon ranges from pinkish gray to gray.
<br />The B2t horizon is reddish brown to brown and ranges from
<br />clay to heavy clay loam. The content of coarse fragments
<br />ranges from less than 5 to 30 percent.
<br />Cebolia loam, 5 to 30 percent slopes (CeE).-This soil
<br />occurs throughout the survey al•ea. Large areas are
<br />near Huntsman Mesa and Mergelman Cow Camp.
<br />Included with this soil in mapping are small al•eas
<br />of timbered Bead soils, areas of soils that have sandstone
<br />at x depth of 20 to 40 inches but are otherwise similar
<br />to Cebolia soils, and areas of Rock outcrop commonly
<br />in the steeper parts of the mapping unit. Included soils
<br />make up about 10 percent of the total acreage.
<br />Essentially all the acreage is in native vegetation
<br />that is used for grazing in summer and early in fall
<br />and provides habitat for deer and elk. Runoff is me-
<br />diwn to rapid, depending on slope. Erosion is a moderate
<br />hpzxrd. Capability unit VIe-4 nonirrigated; Subalpine
<br />Loam range site.
<br />Cheadle Series
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<br />Tlee Cheadle series consists of shallow, excessively
<br />drained gravelly soils on upland ridges and valley sides.
<br />Slopes are 5 to 45 percent. These soils formed in ma-
<br />terial derived in place from gneiss or schist.
<br />In a representative profile the surface layer is brown
<br />gravelly sandy loam about 9 inches thick. Below this is
<br />8 inches of brown stony loam. Bedrock is at a depth of
<br />17 inches.
<br />Cheadle soils are at elevations of 7,500 to 9,000 feet.
<br />The climate is cool. The average annual soil temperature
<br />is less than 47° P'., and the average sail temperature
<br />in summer is less than 58°. The average annual precipi-
<br />tation is 14 to 17 inches. The native vegetation is com-
<br />monly big sagebrush, fringed sage, phlox, winter-
<br />fat, squirreltail, and western wheatgrass.
<br />Permeability is moderate. The root zone is 8 to 20
<br />inches deep. Available tauter capacity to a depth of 17
<br />inches is low.
<br />These soils are used for range and provide habitat
<br />for wildlife.
<br />The Cheadle soils in this survey area are mapped
<br />only with Lucky soils.
<br />Representative profile of Cheadle gravelly sandy
<br />loam; sec. 34, T. 48 N., R. 2 E., Saguache County:
<br />A1~ to 0 inches, brown (lOYR 4/3) gravelly sandy loam,
<br />dark brown (lOYR 3/3) moist; moderate, medium,
<br />granular structure parting to moderate, fine, gran-
<br />ular; soft, very friable; about 30 percent angular
<br />gravel; pH 7.G; clear, wavy boundary.
<br />Cca-0 to 17 inches, brown (lOYR 5/3) stony loam, brown
<br />(lOYR 9/3) moist; massive; slightly hard, friable;
<br />about 40 Percent angular coarse fragments, mostly
<br />gneiss; calcareous; some lime coats on coarse frag-
<br />ments; pH 8.4; abrupt, irregular boundary.
<br />R-17 inches, gneiss.
<br />The Al horizon is dark-brown or very dark brown gravelly
<br />sandy loam G to 12 inches thick. Depth to bedrock ranges
<br />from 8 to 20 inches. Calcareous material is commonly below
<br />a depth of 10 inches. In some areas no lime has accumulated.
<br />The content of coarse fragments typically ranges from 35
<br />fo 50 percent,
<br />Cochetopa Series
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<br />The Cochetopa series consists of deep, well-drained
<br />soils on uplands. Slopes are 5 to 30 pel•cent. These soils
<br />formed in colluvial and alluvial material that was de-
<br />rived from basalt.
<br />In a representative profile the sul•face layer is dark-
<br />gray loam about 4 iltches thick. The subsoil is dark-gray
<br />light clay loam and very dark grayish-brown and brown
<br />gravelly clay and sandy clay about 41 inches thick. The
<br />substratum to a depth of 60 inches is light-brown stony
<br />clay loam.
<br />Cochetopa soils are at elevations of 9,000 to 10,000
<br />feet. The climate is cold, anti the average annual soil
<br />temperature is about 39° F. The annual precipitatimt
<br />is about 18 inches.
<br />Permeability is slow. I{oots can penetrate to a depth
<br />of 60 inches or more, and available water capacity is
<br />high.
<br />Almost all the acreage is used for range. A few
<br />small areas are used for irrigated hay and pasture.
<br />Representative profile of Cochetopa loam, 5 to 30
<br />blercent slopes; sec. 22, T. 15 S., R. 86 W., Gumtison
<br />Al-0 to 4 inches, dark-gray (lOYR 9/1) loam, black (lOYR
<br />2/~1) moist; moderate, very fine, granular structure;
<br />soft, very friable; about 10 Percent angular coarse
<br />fragments; pH G.B; clear, smooth boundary.
<br />Bl-4 to 12 inches, dark-gray (lOYR 4/1) light clay loam,
<br />black (lOYR 2/1) moist; moderate, fine, subangular
<br />blocky structure parting to moderate, fine, gran-
<br />ular; slightly hard, friable; 10 Percent angular
<br />coarse fragments; pH G.B; clear, smooth boundary.
<br />B21t-]2 to 18 inches, very dark grayish-brown (lOYR 3/2)
<br />gravelly clay, very dark brown (lOYR 2/2) moist;
<br />strong, medium to fine, subangular blocky struc-
<br />ture; very hard, firm, thin, continuous clay films
<br />on ped faces; 15 percent angular coarse fragments;
<br />pH 0.8; clear, smooth boundary.
<br />B22t-18 to 32 inches, brown (7.5YR 5/4) gravelly clay,
<br />dark brown (7.5YR 4/4) moist; strong, medium,
<br />angular blocky structure parting to strong, fine,
<br />angular blocky; very hard, firm; thin continuous
<br />clay films; 15 Percent coarse fragments; PH 7.2;
<br />gradual, smooth boundary.
<br />B3-32 to 45 inches, brown (7.5YR 5/4) sandy clay, dark
<br />brown (7.5YR 4/4) when moist; 10 percent angular
<br />coarse fragments; moderate, fine to medium, sub-
<br />angular blocky structure; very hard when dry, firm
<br />when moist; thin patchy clay films on ped faces;
<br />pH 7.0; gradual, smooth boundary.
<br />C:-45 to GO inches, light brown (7.5YR 6/4) stony clay
<br />loam, brown (7.5YR 5/4) when moist; massive;
<br />hard when dry, friable when moist; 30 percent
<br />coarse fragments; pH 7.G.
<br />The Al horizon is typically loam, but in places is gravelly
<br />and stony loam. 1t ranges from dark gray to dark brown.
<br />The content of coarse fragments generally ranges from 5 to
<br />20 percent in the upper part of the profile, but is as high as
<br />35 Portent in the C horizon.
<br />Cochetopa loam, 5 l0 30 percent slopes (CoE).-This
<br />soil is mainly in the Crested Butte-Almont part of the
<br />survey area. At the }tigher elevations the surface layer
<br />is 12 to 20 inches thick.
<br />Included with this soil in mapping are some areas
<br />where slopes are more than 30 percent and others where
<br />they are less than 5 percent; small areas of Youman
<br />and Passar soils; and some areas where this Cochetopa
<br />soil is underlain by sandstone and has a redder subsoil
<br />than the one described in the representative profile
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