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such as the deposits at Rocky Flats, the cap gravels found on <br /> some hilltops, and the mountains themselves, but all of these <br /> alternative deposits are inferior to the river gravels from <br /> either a quality or a cost standpoint. The river gravels vary <br /> from almost no useable gravel to depths of over twenty feet <br /> with the preponderance of gravel depths being twelve feet or less. <br /> Method <br /> Sand and gravel mining operations across the country vary widely <br /> in the methods used for extraction. This is due to topography <br /> of the site, depth and thickness of the gravel deposit, height <br /> of the water table, quantity and rate of material extraction and <br /> equipment availability, and other considerations. <br /> r <br /> Most Flatirrn mining operations are open pit excavations. The <br /> procedures and equipment to be used at this operation are as follows : <br /> 1. Scrapers will remove the topsoil and expose the aggregate <br /> below. In this case overburden will be deposited at the outside <br /> edge of the area to be mined. <br /> 2. Because the aggregate is mined dry, a backhoe will be used <br /> at this stage. The backhoe will dig a dewatering trench around <br /> the area to be mined . Gravel removed will be stockpiled inside <br /> the trenched area. <br /> 3. A pump will be placed in the down stream end of the dewatering <br /> trench to keep the pit dry. <br /> I4. Two pieces of earth moving equipment will remove the aggregate, <br /> front end loader and scraper or truck. Once the transporting <br /> D-2 <br />