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10-Bankatd sandy loam, 0 to 3 percent elopes. This is a deep, somewhat excessively drained soil on flood plains at elevations of 4,450 to 5,000 feet. It formed in stratified recent alluvium along streams and rivers. In- cluded in mapping are numerous sand and gravel bars and small areas of noncalcareous soils. Typically the surface layer of this Bankard soil is brown sandy loam about 4 inches thick. The underlying material to a depth of 60 inches is pale brown calcareous sand stratified with thin lenses of sandy loam, loam, and fine gravel. Permeability is moderately rapid. Available water i capacity is low. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or ' more. Surface runoff is slow, and the erosion hazard is low. This soil is suited to limited cropping. It is sandy and subject to flooding. Pasture is the best use. Tall wheat- grass, tall fescue, and annual sweetclover are some of the most suitable crops. Light, frequent irrigation by furrows and flooding is best. Commercial fertilizer improves the amount and value of forage produced. The potential native vegetation is dominated by awitchgrass, indiangrass, sand bluestem, sand reedgrasa, sideoats grams, needleandthread, and blue grams. Much of this range site includes other soils and vegetation in such a complex pattern that it is difficult to map them separately. Potential production ranges from 2,500 pounds per acre in favorable years to 1,500 pounds in unfavorable years. Aa range condition deteriorates, the tall and mid grasses decrease; blue grams, sand dropseed, and forts increase; and forage production drops. Undesirable weeds and annuals invade the site as range condition becomes poorer, Management of vegetation should be based on taking half and leaving half of the total annual production. Seed- ing is desirable only in areas large enough to interseed or to prepare a seedbed. Switchgrass, sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, sideoats grams, little bluestem, blue grams, pu- bescent wheatgrass, and intermediate wheatgrasa are suitable for seeding. This soil can be seeded by using an interseeder or a firm, clean sorghum stubble. A grass drill is required. Seeding early in spring has proven most suc- cessful. This soil is generally not suited to the establishment and growth of trees and shrubs. Onsite investigation is needed to determine feasibility and possible tree and shrub species. Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. The cropland areas provide favorable habitat for ring-necked pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can be attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essen- tial and should be included in plans for habitat develop- ment, especially in areas of intensive agriculture. Range- land wildlife, for example, deer and antelope, can be at- tracted by managing livestock grazing and reseeding where needed. This soil is not suited to urban or recreational develop- ment because of the flood hazard. Capability subclass IVw irrigated, VIw nonirrigated; Sandy Bottom land range site. EXHIBIT 1