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TABi.ES SWELL -VOIDS -LOAD FACTORS SWELL (°;) VOIDS (°b) LOAD FACTOR 5 a.8 .952 10 9.1 .909 15 13.0 870 20 16.7 .833 25 20.0 .80C 30 23.1 .i69 35 259 N1 a0 28.6 .714 45 3t.0 .690 50 33.3 .667 55 35.5 .6a5 60 3i.5 625 65 39A .606 70 41.2 .589 75 42 9 .571 00 aa.4 556 05 459 .547 90 47.4 .526 95 4fl.7 .513 100 50.0 .500 BUCKET FILL FACTORS Loose Material Mixed Moist Aggregates Uniform Aggregates up to 3 mm (1!8") 3 mm-9 mm (1/8"-3/8") 12 mm-20 mm (t/2"-3/a") 24 mm (1') and over Blasted Rock Well Blasted Average Blasletl Poorly Blasted Fill Factor 95 100°b 95100 9095 8590 8590 8095°0 7590 60 i 5 Other Rock Dirl Mixtures 100-120'.; Moist Loam 100~t 10 Soil, Boulders, Roots 80-100 _ CemeNetl Materials 8595 NOTE L03tlar DucYel till IdUers are alleCleO Dy buck¢I penelralipn, breakout force, racYDack ansle, ppCYCI profile antl 9rovnC engaging Icels sacs as bucket teem or post on teptaceable crosng edSes. NOTE: For buc''I lilt IaC.ors for nyemuLC excavator,, sae buc4el paylcpbs in :he hytlmuLC eReTmlor section TYPICAL ROLLING RESISTANCE FACTORS Various Ive sees and intlanon pressures wtll greatly reduce or increase the rolling resistance. The values in [his lobe are apprpxo- male, part¢ularly for Ine track and (rack + Itre machines. These values can be used fcr estimating purposes when specific performance inlormauon on particular equipment and given soil conddions is not available. See Mining and Earthmoving Section for more tletail. ROLLING RESISTANCE, PERCENT' UN DERFOOTING Tires Track Track Bias Radial +Tires A very hard, smooch roatlway, cam crele, coltl asphalt or dirt surface, no penelraucn or Ilexing 1 5 %o t 2°6 0°; t.0°= A hard, smooth. stabikzed surfaced roadway tvAhoul penelmoon untler (cad. watered. maintained ..... 2.0°; 1.i°,; 0°S 72°6 A Nrm. smooth, rolling roadway wnn dui or hgnl surfacing, Ilexing slightly under load or untlulahng, maintained tartly regularly, waieretl ........ 3.0% 2.5°S 0°; 1.8°S A din roaoway, rutted cr flexing under load. little maintenance, no water, 25 mm (1") fire penelra lion or flexing ......... ..... ... . a.0°6 10°5 0°b 2 4°6 A dirt roadway, rulled or Ilexing under load, little maintenance. no water. 50 mm (2') ure penelraupn or Ilexing .. .... ......... 5.0°0 5040 0°0 3.0°.'= Rutletl din roadway, soli under travel, no maintenance, no Slabill- zation, t00 mm (a') lire penetration ar Ilexing . ..... .......... . B.0°b 8.0:6 0°6 a.8°m Loose sand or gravel ........ 10.0°'e 10.0% 2'.6 7.0'.a Rutletl dirt roadway, sole under (ravel, no malNenance, no slahdi~ zation, 200 mm (B") fire penelra- Iien antl Ilexing .... ... .... 14 0°= 14.0°6 5°6 10.0°= Very soil, mutldy, rulled roadway. 300 mm (12") lire penetration. no flexing .. .... ... ... 20.0°6 20 0°6 8°i 15.0°6 'Percent pl combineb machine aeignt "Assumes dog loatl nos been sublladetl to gr+e Drarbar Puil loi goob to mou~ elate conC.ppns 6cme resistance dbiletl IOr very son conCiLOns. ANGLE OF REPOSE OF VARIOUS MATERIALS hIATERIAL Coal mdustnal .. ... .... .. . Common eadh, Dry . ........ Mpisl ... ..... .Vet.. ... ... Gra;el, Pound :o angular . .. . Sand 3 c:ay ... .. . Sand, Drv . .. .. ... moist .... ... `;/oI .. ... .. ANGLE BETWEEN HORIZONTAL ANO SLOPE OF HEAPED PILE Ratio Degrees 1.3:1-1.3.1 3538 2 8:1-I 0:1 20-a5 2.1:1-1.0'1 25 45 2.1.1-t 7:1 25-30 1.7:1 ~J 9:1 3050 2.31-La' I 20 35 2 B.t-1 7 t 2030 ~'$~¢ 18.1-t.0.1 3045 LeC'L S"~ z.e ,-1.0.1 20-4s Li6~~ 2d-1