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Page 8 of 23 Appendix Z <br />Management <br />Cultural control of Scotch Thistle <br />Maintaining pastures and rangeland in good condition is a primary factor for scotch thistle management. To <br />favor pasture and rangeland grass growth, do not overgraze. Fertilize only when necessary and according to <br />soil testing recommendations. To successfully manage Scotch thistle, prevent seed formation. <br />Mechanical control of Scotch Thistle <br />Scotch thistle will not tolerete Ullage and can be removed easily by severing its root below ground with a <br />shovel or hce. Mowing can effective] y reduce seed output if plants are cut when the terminal head is in the <br />late-flowering stage. Gather and burn mowed debris to destroy any seed that has developed. <br />Chemical Control of Scotch Thistle <br />Several hebcicides are registered in pasture, rangeland-and noncrop areas to control Scotch thistle. Tordon <br />22K (picloram), Curtail (clopyralid+2,4-D), BanvellVanquish/Clarity (dicamba), 2,4D, or <br />BanvelNanquish/Clarity plus 2,4-D are commonly used. Apply these herbicides in spring or fall to Scotch <br />thistle rosettes. <br />Apply Tordon at O.S to 1 pint per acre (A), Curtail at 2 quartsJA, BanvelNanquishlClarity at 0.5 to 2 <br />quartslA, 2,4-D at 1.5 to 2 quarts/A, or BanveWanquish/Clarity plus 2,4-D at 0.5 plus 1 quarUA. Cool <br />temperatures (below 50 degrees F), particularly in fall, may adversely affect 2,4D control of scotch thistle; <br />therefore, use 2,4-D in spring. Tordon is largely unaffected by cool temperatures. BanveUVanquish/Clarity <br />can be adversely affected but less than 2,4D. BanveWanquishJClarity plus 2,4-D works well in spring or <br />fall. Apply any of these herbicides before scotch thistle bolts or seed production still will occur. <br />Ally-Escort (metsulfuron) or Telaz (chlorsulfuron) also can be used. Use Telaz in noncrop areas only and <br />Ally-Escort in pastures, rangeland or noncrop aeeas. Research from Colorado State University and the <br />University of Nebraska shows that Telar or Ally-Escort prevents or dramatically reduces viable seed <br />formation when applied in spring, up to early flower growth stages. The latest time to apply these <br />herbicides is when developed terminal flowers have opened up to the size of a dime. <br />Apply Telaz at 1 ounce/A or Ally-Escort at 0.5 ounce/A. Add a good agricultural stufactant at 0.25 percent <br />v/v2 to Ally-Escort or Telaz treatments or control is inadequate. <br />