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14 Boll. suRVEY yellowish brown gravelly sandy loam about 33 inches thick; it is about 50 percent gravel. The underlying material is light yellowish brown gravelly light sandy loam. Permeability is moderately 1•apid, and the available water capacity is low. These soils are used mainly for grazing. Representative profile of Buffmeyer sandy loam, 4 to 18 percent slopes, in native grass, 800 feet north of southwest corner of sec. 9, T. 10 N., R. 78 W.: Al-0 to 8 inches; grayish brown (lOYR 5/2) light sandy loam, very dark grayish brown (lOYR 3/2) moist; moderate fine granular structure; soft, very fri- able, nonsticky and nonplastic; many fine and medium roots; b percent gravel and cobbles; neu- tral; clear smooth boundary. A2-8 to 13 inches; very pale brown (lOYR 7/3) light sandy loam, brown (]OYR 5/3) moist; weak thin platy structure parting to fine granular; soft, very friable, nons[~cky and nonplastic; many fine and few medium roots; 5 percent gravel and cob- bles; neutral; clear smooth boundary. B21t-13 to 21 inches; brown (107'R 5/3) gravelly sandy ]oam, dark brown (lOYR 9/3) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few fine and medium roots; 40 percent gravel and some cobbles; many thin patchy clay films on peds, in some pores, and bridging between some sand grains; neutral; gradual wavy boundary. B22-21 to 40 inches; yellowish brown (lOYR 5/4) grav- elly sandy loam, dark yellox•ish brox•n (lOYR 9/4) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky struc- ture; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few fine roots; 50 percent gravel and some cobbles; many thin patchy clay films on peds, in pores, and bridging between sand grains; neutral; gradual wavy boundary. B3-40 to 4G inches; yellowish brown (lOYR 5/4) gravelly light sandy ]oam, dark yellowish brown (lOYR 4/4) moist; x•eak medium subangular blocky struc- ture; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; 50 percent gravel and some cobbles; few thin patchy clay films on peds and as bridges between sand grains; neutral; diffuse wavy bound- ary. C-46 to GO inches; light yellowish brown (lOYR 6/4) gravelly light sandy loam, yellowish brown (107'R b/4) moist; massive; slightly hard, veryr friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; 50 percent gravel and some cobbles; neutral. The B2t and C horizons are 35 to 70 percent coarse frag- ments 'k inch to 10 inches in diameter. By-Buffmeyer sandy loam, 4 to 18 percent elopes. This soil is on alluvial fans and high terraces, below areas of crystalline rock. Included with this soil in mapping are a few small areas of soils that are similar to Buffmeyer soils but that have a sandy clay or clay loam B horizon or that have less than 35 percent coarse fragments and are moderately deep over red shale beds. Runoff is slow. The hazards of soil blowing and water erosion are moderate. Most of the acreage of this soil is used for grazing. Capability unit Vle-3, nonirrigated; Mountain Loam range site. Bundyman series The Bundyman series consists of moderately deep, well drained soils that formed in weathered shale. The h soils are underlain by calcareous shale at a depth of 20 to 40 inches. They are on hills and ridges on uplands between elevations of 8,000 and 8,800 feet. Slopes are 2 to 5 percent. The native vegetation is mainly western wheatgrass, mat saltbush, Sandberg bluegrass, pine needlegrass, big sagebrush, and greasexood. The mean annual precipitation is 10 to 12 inches, the mean annual air temperature is 36° to 38° F, and the frost-free season is 35 to 45 days. In a representative profile the surface layer is light brownish gray clay loam about 4 inches thick. The subsoil is pale brown heavy clay loam about 9 inches thick. The underlying material is pale brown heavy clay loam. Calcareous shale is at a depth of about 25 inches. Permeability is slow, and available water capacity is IOW. These soils are used mainly for grazing. Some areas are irrigated and are used for hay and pasture. Representative profile of Bundyman clay loam in an area of Boettcher-Bundyrrlan association in native grass, 425 feet east and 250 feet south of the northwest corner of sec. 20, T. 8 N., R. 79 W.: Al-0 to 4 inches; light brownish gray (lOYR 6/2) heavy clay loam, dark grayish brown (lOYR 9/2) moist; moderate medium granular structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few fine and medium roots; mildly alka- line; gradual wavy boundary. B2-4 to 13 inches; pale brown (lOYR G/3) heavy clay loam, dark brown (lOYR 4/3) moist; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to coarse angu- lar blocky; slightly hard, friable, sticky and plas- tic; few fine roots• patchy clay films on peds and in pores; mildly alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. Cca-13 to 25 inches; pale brox'n (lOYR G/3) heavy clay loam, brown (lOYR 9/3) moist; massive; ex- tremely hard, very firm, sticky and plastic; con- cretions and thin seams of secondary calcium carbonate; strongly calcareous; moderately alka- line; gradual x•avy boundary. C2r-25 to GO inches; calcareous shale. The Al horizon is neutral or mildly alkaline. The B2 horizon is heavy clay loam or clay. The B2 horizon ranges from neutral to moderately alkaline. Calcium carbonate equivalent of the Cca horizon ranges from 3 to 14 percent. The Cca horizon is moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline. Bundyman soils are mapped only in association with Boettcher soils. Cabin series The Cabin series consists of deep, well drained soils that formed in gravelly alluvium. The soils are under- lain by very gravelly sand at a depth of 20 to 40 inches. They are on high terraces and benches between elevations of 8?00 and 9,200 feet. Slopes are 2 to 5 percent. The native vegetation is mainly sheep fescue, pine needlegrass, muttongrass, streambank wheat grass, bluebunch wheatgrass, big sagebrush and low rabbitbrush. The mean annual precipitation is 15 to 16 inches, the mean annual air temperature is 35° to 37° F, and the frost-free season is 30 to 40 days. In a representative profile the surface layer is dark grayish brown sandy loam about 4 inches thick. The subsoil is brown gravelly sandy clay loam and pale brown very gravelly sandy loam about 22 inches thick. The underlying material is pale brown very gravelly sand.