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• cultural character of the region was cast in ranching until <br />fruit production eclipsed the industry in economic importance <br />about the turn of the century.... The period of primary <br />settlement generally relates to the first pioneering efforts <br />in the North Fork. The valley floor seems to have been <br />pretty well taken up by the early 1690s, and by the turn <br />of the century the extensive form of exploitation which <br />characterized the cattle ranching was being replaced by the <br />intensive agricultural efforts attending growth of the <br />fruit industry. <br />PREVIOUS INVESTIGATIONS AND KNOWN SITES <br />• <br />The only other archaeological work that had been performed in the <br />immediate area is that of Baker.(1977) and of Hibbets et al. (1979). The <br />first was a survey for the Orchard Valley Mine, owned and operated by CWI <br />- That report noted a total of 13 historic and prehistoric sites, and <br />three historic sites were recommended for National Register eligibility, <br />but none for nomination. These sites are located down by the Northfork <br />and up along the West Fork of Terror Creek, both a considerable distance <br />_ from the current study area. The current study area was included in <br />that report, but none of the tracts in that report were intensively <br />examined; rather, they were only sampled, and none of the current study <br />area was so chosen for investigation. <br />_• <br />10 <br />