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E~;? - 6 Paleoindian Staae (10.000 to 5.500 B.C.) This stage is characterized generally by the hunting of big game I. animals and is divided into three periods: Clovis, Folsom, and Plano. ` ~' The Clovis period (10,000-9,500 B.C.) is distinguished by the ~ large, fluted Clovis point, often associated with the remains of extinct mammoth. The type locality for Clovis points is the Blackwater Draw locality in eastern New Mexico, but Clovis layers have been discovered at the Dutton and Dent Sites in northeastern Colorado. Surface finds of Clovis points have been found on the Chaquaqua Plateau according to Campbell (1969). Following Clovis is the Folsom period (8,600-8,300 B.C.), distinguished by the small, finely-made fluted Folsom point. Folsom materials are generally associated with the remains of ~'- extinct animals such as 's n antiauus. Folsom seems to have been a successful cultural adaptation, which covered a wide g geographical area and a correspondingly wide range of ~3 environmental zones. Unfortunately, despite its ubiquity, undisturbed Folsom sites are rare, most evidence of its existence coming from surface finds of Folsom points. Two such sites with Folsom points are reported by Campbell (1969) on the Chaquaqua Plateau The Folsom period is replaced at about 8,200 B.C. by the Plano period, the latter distinguished by large, lanceolate, and unfluted projectile points. Several sites in eastern Colorado (e.g., Olsen-Chubbuck, Jones-Miller, Frazier, Jurgens, Franca, `=; Lamb Springs, Claypool, and Keenesburg) have returned radiocarbon dates from this period or contained distinctive Plano points such as Plainview, Agate Basin, and Firstview. There is some evidence that Plano peoples were hunting smaller game animals and " gathering vegetal resources, but these activities are overshadowed by the hunting of modern forms of bison. Mang Plano sites are bison kill or butchering sites. Eight sites on the Chaquaqua Plateau contain Plano artifacts (Campbell 1969). Archaic Stage (5.500 B.C.-A.D. 250 The Archaic Stage follows the Paleoindian and shared many cultural characteristics. Subsistence is provided by hunting and gathering, and Archaic sites are very often identified by the presence of distinctive projectile point types. Where it differs is in the hunting of smaller game animals (deer, antelope, rabbits, etc.) and a greater reliance upon vegetal resources. . The Archaic stage is divided into three broad time periods: Early, Middle, and Late.