PERMFILE111168

• Permit No: C1981013
• IBM Index Class Name: Permit File
• Doc Date: 12/11/2001
• Section_Exhibit Name: EXHIBIT 05 CULTURAL AND HISTORIC RESOURCE INFORMATION
• Media Type: D
• Archive: No

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camps, coal mines, and Hispanic and Territorial Adobe buildings.
The architecture reflects the gradual shift in cultural
~7' influences prevalent in the region, from early Hispanic to Anglo-
,/ American and European styles. Of the 27 sites identified in the
survey, three were determined to be individually eligible for
nomination to the NRHP, six sites were considered to be eligible
as contributing elements to a multiple resource district or
• thematic nomination, and 18 sites were judged to be not eligible
for listing in the NRHP.

CULTURE HISTORY SUMMARY
The results of the preceding cultural resources investigations
can be used to construct a culture history summary of the
region. Prehistoric events are presented first, followed by
major historical themes. This discussion is augmented by Figure
3 which graphically summarizes the cultural chronology of the
Upper Purgatoire River Valley. This chart has been adapted from
similar presentations in Bair (1977), Lutz and Hunt (1979), and
Eddy, et al. (1982).
Prehistoric Patterns
In the early 198os, the Colorado Historical Society (CHS)
commissioned a group of studies on the prehistoric archaeology
of Colorado. The CHS document prepared !or the Colorado Plains
(Eighmy 1984) is the principal source used for the tollowinq
discussion of the regional prehistory.
Human groups have inhabited eastern Colorado for at least 12,000
years. Information on the prehistoric utilization of eastern
Colorado before 10,000 years ago is scanty. This time period is
generally referred to as the Pre-Projectile Point stage, and
information about it comes primarily Prom three sites in
northeastern Colorado: the Selby, Dutton, and Lamb Springs Sites.
l Excavated by Dennis Stanford of the Smithsonian Institution,
these sites consist primarily of cultural materials associated
with such extinct megafauna as mammoth. The artifact assemblages
are notable for their absence of lanceolate projectile points
typify succeeding cultural periods. In contrast, these
assemblages are dominated by putative bone tools.
Following this somewhat murky stage is the Paleoindian stage,
lasting from 10,000 to 5,500 B.C. It is characterized generally
by the hunting of big game animals and is divided into three
periods: Clovis, Folsom, and Plano.
The Clovis period (10,000-9,500 B.C.) is distinguished by the
large, fluted Clovis point, often associated with the remains of
extinct mammoth. The type locality for Clovis points is the
Blackwater Draw locality in eastern New Mexico, but Clovis layers
have been discovered at the Dutton and Dent Sites in northeastern