PERMFILE111168

• Permit No: C1981013
• IBM Index Class Name: Permit File
• Doc Date: 12/11/2001
• Section_Exhibit Name: EXHIBIT 05 CULTURAL AND HISTORIC RESOURCE INFORMATION
• Media Type: D
• Archive: No

~` 11
Valley (Renaud 1946). Beginning in the early 1950s, Trinidad
State Junior College began archaeological investigations in the
area under the direction of a succession of individuals. Though
the research tactics and results were hardly different at first
from preceding work, Trinidad State Junior College initiated a
new period of archaeological investigations and gradually assumed
regional preeminence in this field.
Recent Period (1952-present
Site surveys and excavations were carried out by Haldon Chase on
behalf of Trinidad State Junior College (TSJC) along the
Purgatoire drainage in 1952 and 1953 (Dick 1954). The major goal
of Chases' work was the definition of an areal chronology (Lutz
and Hunt 1979:9). In pursuit of this goal, he excavated a few
rockshelters and a 20-room pueblo-like structure .five miles east
of Trinidad on the Purgatoire River. Unfortunately, none of the
results of Chases's work have yet been reported.
~ Herbert W. Dick arrived on the TSJC campus in 1954 and remained
~ there until 1962. Dick began an archaeological program whose
goals were (in order of importance) systematic survey, key
excavations, and reporting (Lutz and Hunt 1979:10). He devised
the cumbersome site numbering system (e.q., TC:C9:20) used by
TSJC until very recently. The system was finally discarded and
all sites renumbered according to the Smithsonian System (Hand,
Latuda, and Bair 1977:iii). Dick conducted the initial survey
of the Corps of Engineers Trinidad Lake Flood Control Project
I area, locating 21 prehistoric sites and three historic sites.
I.±• He excavated sites SLA1416 and 5LA1480 (the Running Pithouse) in
LLL... 1954 and 1957. Synthesizing the information Prom these and other
sites in the Trinidad area, he defined two cultural complexes.
, The Upper Purgatoire Complex includes a single phase, the Sopris
Phase, and is dated at approximately A.D. 1225-1275. Those
• historic sites which are probably associated with early Hispanic
settlement in the region were assigned to the Lucero Phase of
Ranchero Complex, dated between A.D. 1850 and 1890. Inasmuch as
'~~ reporting was given low priority, Dick published very little of
~,_ ~. his work (Dick 1954, 1964).
Galen Baker, followed by Edwin Guilinger, continued Dick's work
between 1963 and 1969. They carried out a large number of
excavations, primarily at the large multiroomed sites near
Trinidad. These two individuals not only published very little
but the credibility of those reports that have been published has
been questioned (Ireland 1970, 1971). The excavations were
inadequately recorded and there are disturbing reports that some
of the artifacts collected from the excavated sites have
disappeared.
~ The situation improved somewhat when Steven Ireland took control
of the archaeological program in 1969. He attempted to evaluate,
retest, interpret and reinterpret the work of his predecessors.