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• operations. As a result of irrigation, seeding may be carried out as late as July 15. This will allow fora 75-90 <br />day growing season, enough time to establish an adequate stand capable of over-wintering. Fall dormant <br />seedings may be made into annual grain stubble if the potential for competition from established weedy <br />species is not great. For situations where temporary stabilization is required outside of the normal seeding <br />periods, and the stabilization period is less than one year, an annual grain cover crop of barley orwinterwheat <br />will be used, Seed Mix #2. At times, the size or shape of the retopsoiled areas and shape of the reclaimed <br />area in relation to a management unit may be insufficient to warrant establishment of the perennial irrigated <br />pasture species initially. When this occurs, and the period before establishment of permanent irrigated <br />pasture will extend beyond a year, Seed Mix #3 -Temporary Reclamation, will be used. This mix will provide <br />interim stabilization as well as organic matter benefits when incorporated during tillage and seedbed <br />preparation priorto seeding of the irrigated pasture seed mixes. <br />Priorto final seedbed preparation, soil conditioning and weed control tillage will be carried out through the use <br />of chisel plowing and disking. Chisel plowing will relieve any topsoil compaction, will aid in controlling weedy <br />species, and will leave the site in a tempora tou hened ondition reducing wind and water erosion potential. <br />Disking will be used to condition soil, break up clods, and control weeds through tillage priorto seeding. If <br />annual weeds are a problem, several tillage operations may be required to get adequate control. Harrowing <br />and cultipacking priorto seeding will be conducted as needed in order to provide the smooth, firm seedbed <br />• required. In any areas that may be poorly drained, tillage will be timed in order to reduce bogging, excessive <br />compaction and excessive cloddiness caused by tillagewhen soils are wet. The best period for tillage in these <br />areas may be in the early spring priorto the irrigation season (priorto mid-April). Section 2.05.4(2)(d), Topsoil <br />(Redistribution), contains additional information on subsoil and topsoil conditioning. <br />Seeding will be done either with a cultipacker type seeder or a drill equipped with double-disk openers, depth <br />bands, and packer wheels. A cultipacker may be used behind the drill to also firm the seedbed. Either of <br />these two types of seeding equipment will provide the greatest level of success in terms of proper seed <br />placement and firming of the soil around the seed. Seeding depths are usually about 1/4 inch deep for the <br />species to be seeded, and never more than % inch deep. Seeding will primarily be done using the alternate <br />row method where all grasses are seeded in every other row and the legume is seeded in the remaining rows. <br />This method decreases competition, especially for species such as birdsfoot trefoil which can be somewhat <br />difficult to establish and are poor competitors in the seedling stage. This method is an accepted method for <br />establishing good pasture and will assure the desired proportion of grass and legume species over the life of <br />the pasture. If it is determined that the drill seeding method is not desirable for a particular area, then a <br />broadcast seeder will be utilized to distribute the grass seed onto the surface of the ground. A large tractor <br />mounted broadcaster having the capacity of holding several bushels ofgrass seed will be used and the tractor <br />• will traverse the field such that overlapping of the seed will occur. After the seed is broadcasted, a spring <br />(Revised ii/z~/oo) 2.05.4(2)(e)-3 <br />