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LITERATURE CITED <br />Braun, C.E., T. Britt, and R.O. Wallstad. 1977. Guidelines for maintenance of sage grouse habitats. <br />Wildl. Soc. Bull. 5:99-106. <br />Dalke, P. D., D.B. Pyrah, D.C. Stanton, J.E. Crawford, E.F. Schlatter, 1963. Ecology, productivity, and <br />management of sage grouse in Idaho. J. Wildl. Manage. 27:811-841. <br />Johnsgard, P.A. 1973. Grouse and quails of North America. University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln. <br />553 pp. <br />Patterson, R.L. 1952. The sage grouse in Wyoming. Sage Books, Inc. Denver. 341 pp. <br />Personal Communication. Clyde L. Pritchett and Clive D. Jorgensen. Dept. of Zoology Brigham Young <br />University, Provo, Utah. 25 Sept. 1980. <br />Scott, J.W. 1942. Mating behavior of the sage grouse. Auk. 59:47798. <br />IV.M.4 Perturbation Values for Prime Species The perturbation values listed (Table II.H~3, II.H-44) <br />for the self-identified prime species are a composite of the potential impacts that might be imposed upon <br />the species by the proposed actions. The plan to minimize the effects is herein presented by species. <br />Waterfowl -Waterfowl are prime species due to their value as game. Many species are summer <br />breeding residents but the potential for summer breeding is great. They are ubiquitous but restricted to <br />waterways or impoundments. <br />Ferruginous Hawk -The major thrust of the potential impact will be on the nesting success of this bird. <br />Ferruginous hawks do not tolerate human activity close to the nest during incubation and disturbance <br />may result in reduced nestling survival or nest desertion. Due to their habits of nesting in low juniper <br />trees and on the ground, this hawk is vulnerable to unintentional as well as intentional harassment. <br />To minimize the detrimental impacts to this species, employees will be restricted to improved road use. <br />Golden Eagle -Golden eagles are common and often seen in the area of potential impact, but unlike <br />ferruginous hawks, golden eagles are very tolerant of human activity, even during nesting. There are <br />three known active nesting sites in the vicinity of the projected mine portal, but it is unlikely that more <br />than one is used in any given year. <br />• Mine Permit Renewal.#3 (Rev. 8/99) IV-48 <br />