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Banks and Gesso, LLC <br />EXHIBIT I -SOILS INFORMATION <br />Please refer to Exhibit C-2: Pre-Mining Map (Natural Features) and Exhibit I-1: Soils <br />Map for mapped USDA soils. <br />Overview <br />Soils within the proposed permit area consist of four types including Altvan loam, Aquolls <br />and Aquents, Bankard sandy loam and Dacono clay loam. <br />Altvan loam (indicated as "1" on Exhibit I-1) makes up the majority of the site. This soil <br />has 0- to 1-percent slopes and is deep and well drained. It is formed in old alluvium <br />deposited by major rivers, in this case, the South Platte River. The surface layer of <br />Altvan soils is typically grayish brown loam approximately 10-inches thick. The subsoil is <br />approximately 15-inches thick and consists of brown and light yellowish brown clay loam <br />and sandy clay loam. Permeability is moderate as is available water capacity. Effective <br />rooting depth is approximately 20 to 40 inches. Additionally, for Altvan soils, surface <br />runoff is slow and erosion hazard is low. Altvan soils are used almost exclusively for <br />irrigated crops and are well suited to corn, sugar beets, beans, alfalfa, small grain, <br />potatoes and onions (commonly grown crops for the area). It has a fair to good rating <br />potential for urban and recreational development, with the shrink-swell potential of the <br />subsoil and rapid permeability of the sand and gravel substratum being the main limiting <br />features (USDA, SCS). <br />Aquolls and Aquents (indicated as "3" on Exhibit I-1) can be found in the western portion <br />of the site. This soil consists of gravely substratum and is deep and poorly drained. It <br />occurs on bottomlands and floodplains of major streams. Aquolls make up <br />approximately 60 percent of this unit and have a dark colored surface layer. Aquents <br />make up approximately 35 percent and have a lighter colored surface layer. The <br />remaining 5 percent consists of Aquepts and Bankard sandy loam. Most of the area is <br />subject to flooding. Additionally, these soils have a mottled, mildly alkaline to moderately <br />alkaline loamy or clayey surface layer and underlying material. They are underlain by <br />sand and gravel within 48 inches. Uses for this soil include rangeland and wildlife <br />habitat. Potential native vegetation is dominated by alkali sacaton, switchgrass and <br />Heit Sand and Gravel Mine 02044 <br />SW Meadow, LLC February 2003 <br />17 <br />