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Sanborn Creek Subsidence Page 14 September 2, 1997 <br />Table 3. Bank density, swell factor and percent free swell for <br />selected rocks and soils <br />• Rock or Soil <br />Basalt <br />_ Bauxite <br />Caliche <br />Carnotite, primary uranium ore <br />Clay, natural <br />Coal, anthracite <br />bituminous <br />r <br />I <br />~~ <br />L. <br />~_ <br />L <br />I • <br />~.: <br />Concrete <br />Conglomerate <br />Copper ore, altered siliceous <br />Earth, wet <br />loam <br />Granite, quartzite, fresh <br />typical values <br />Gravel, pit run <br />Gypsum <br />Iron ore, high grade hematite <br />limonite <br />magnetite <br />taconite <br />Limestone <br />Bank <br />Density <br />185 PCF <br />119 PCF <br />141 PCF <br />137 PCF <br />126 PCF <br />100 PCF <br />80 PCF <br />120-155 PCF <br />153 PCF <br />141 PCF <br />126 PCF <br />96 PCF <br />163-170 PCF <br />135 PCF <br />198 PCF <br />179-237 PCF <br />174-237 PCF <br />204 PCF <br />192-226 PCF <br />155-163 PCF <br />typical values <br />Marble, metamorphic 170 PCF <br />Montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolin 191 PCF <br />illite, smektite <br />Pyrite <br />Sand, dry <br />damp <br />wet <br />Sandstone <br />Shale, mudstone <br />Siltstone, hard <br />soft <br />Slate <br />Traprock, basic, igneous <br />189 PCF <br />100 PCF <br />120 PCF <br />130 PCF <br />153-157 PCF <br />109 PCF <br />153-157 PCF <br />126 <br />170-180 PCF <br />163 PCF <br />Swell <br />Factor <br />0.67 <br />0.75 <br />0.55 <br />0.79 <br />0.82 <br />0.79 <br />0.74 <br />0.72 <br />0.72-0.63 <br />0.79 <br />0.79 <br />0.81 <br />0.67-0.56 <br />0.61 <br />0.89 <br />0.57 <br />0.58-0.55 <br />0.58 <br />0.55-0.58 <br />0.58 <br />0.57-0.60 <br />0.59 <br />0.57-0.60 <br />0.77 <br />0.85 <br />0.89 <br />0.89 <br />0.89 <br />0.60 <br />0.75 <br />0.57-0.60 <br />0.82 <br />0.77 <br />0.67 <br />Free <br />Swell <br />50$ <br />33$ <br />82$ <br />35$ <br />22$ <br />35$ <br />35$ <br />90$ <br />40-60$ <br />35$ <br />27$ <br />23$ <br />50-80$ <br />64$ <br />12$ <br />75$ <br />72-82$ <br />72$ <br />72-82$ <br />72$ <br />67-75$ <br />69$ <br />67-75$ <br />30$ <br />18$ <br />12$ <br />12$ <br />12$ <br />67$ <br />33$ <br />67-75$ <br />22$ <br />30$ <br />50$ <br />Free swell ($) = change in volume broken as a percent of <br />original bank volume <br />Swell factor = broken density/bank density <br />Adapted from: Caterpillar, Inc., 1987, Caterpillar performance <br />handbook, p 740 and Euclid Road Machinery Co., 1953, Estimating <br />production and costs <br />14 <br />