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TCC's integrated weed program consists of five interrelated components, as detailed in the following sections: 1) Prevention 2) Identification and mapping 3) Management planning and scheduling 4) Application of selected control method(s) 5) Evaluation of control effectiveness Prevention Prevention is the most important component of TCC's weed program. In general terms, prevention focuses on timely stabilization and revegetation of disturbed and reclaimed aeeas and soil resowces with desirable vegetation species, to prevent the establishment and spread of noxious weeds. This includes both temporary and permanent vegetative establishment using the seed-mixes and methods outlined in Section 2.05.4, Seed mixes have been selected to provide a reasonable balance of rapid germination and establishment and long-term viability. TCC uses several different seed mixes to address varying topographic, soil, and moisture conditions and to target specific postmining land uses. Certified (weed-free) seed is pwchased from reputable suppliers, and weed-free straw or hay mulch is utilized where mulching is necessary. Once initial seeding has occurred, seeded areas are inspected and monitored on a periodic basis to verify effective vegetative establishment, provide for early identification of any noxious weed infestations, and assess the need for any supplemental management measwes (ie: fertilization, reseeding, weed control, protection from wildlife, etc.). C Identification and manpinQ TCC utilizes a range of resowces to identify and map any noxious weed infestations within the mine Permit Area. The Mine Environmental Staff aze trained in noxious weed identification and, as a matter of practice, note arty noxious weed occurrences observed any time they aze in the field. In addition, Mine Environmental Staff, assisted by trained student and summer interns, conduct spring and fall Environmental Management surveys of active areas, specifically to assess the condition of mine drainage structwes, identify any new noxious weed occurrences, assess the effectiveness of weed management activities, and note any environmental concerns that may require attention. TCC has a unique land- management program, in that much of the mine Pemtit Area is teased for livestock grazing operations. Given their interest in maximizing range condition and productivity, ow grazing lessees aze active participants in ow weed program. Grazing lessees and their employees spend considerable time in the field during the grazing season, particularly in areas where active mining operations are not occurring. Through regular contacts with the grazing lessees, any noxious weed infestations that they have observed in the field aze communicated and noted. TCC maintains a working weed program map and records both observed noxious weed occurrences (from all sources, by weed species, location, and extent of infestation) and treatment activities. Management olannina and scheduline Effective management and planning are key elements in assuring the effectiveness of TCC's weed program. Any new information collected through the ongoing noxious weed identification and mapping efforts, along with treatment information from prior years is reviewed and evaluated. Based on this information, treatment strategies and schedules aze developed during the eazly spring for the annual weed management program using the following steps: For mapped weed infestations, treatment method is determined based on the weed species present using recommendations provided by the CSU Extension Service. Selection of treatment method(s) takes into consideration proximity to flowing water or water bodies, croplands, any livestock use, and historical response of identified weed species to prior treatment(s), based on review of control effectiveness. Treatment methods may include mechanical MR06-206 2.05-114a 04/13/06