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<br />over a long period to insure that the root zone is
<br />property wetted. In sloping areas, leveling is necessary
<br />to efficiently apply and remove water.
<br />A tillage pan forms easily if the soil in this unit is tilled
<br />when wet. Chiseling or subsoiling breaks up the tillage
<br />pan. Returning crop residue to the soil and regularly
<br />adding other organic matter improve fertility, reduce
<br />crusting, and increase the water intake rate.
<br />This unit is well suited to hay and pasture. Proper
<br />stocking rates, pasture rotation, and restricted grazing
<br />during wet periods help to maintain or improve the
<br />condition of the pasture and protect the soil from
<br />erosion.
<br />Ii this unit is used for windbreaks and environmental
<br />plantings, the main limitations are wetness and salinity. If
<br />necessary, supplemental irrigation should be provided
<br />when planting and during dry periods. Fallowing in
<br />summer, cultivating for weed control, and selecting
<br />adapted plants are necessary to insure the
<br />establishment and survival of seedlings. Among the trees
<br />that are suitable for planting is eastern redcedar.
<br />Suitable shrubs are American plum, purple willow,
<br />common chokecherry, and redosier dogwood.
<br />If this unit is used for homesite development, the main
<br />limitations are the hazard of flooding, depth to the water
<br />table, and the shrink-swell potential. Artificial drainage
<br />can reduce wetness. Excavating can expose material
<br />that is highly susceptible to soil blowing. Revegetating
<br />disturbed areas around construction sites as soon as
<br />feasible reduces soil blowing.
<br />Septic tank absorption lines should be placed below
<br />the subsoil. If buildings are constructed on the soil in this
<br />unit, the effects of shrinking and swelling are reduced by
<br />using an appropriate engineering design for foundations
<br />and footings and by diverting runoff away from buildings.
<br />Roads and streets should be designed to offset the
<br />limited ability of the soil to support a load.
<br />This map unit is in capability subclasses Ilw, irrigated,
<br />and Ills, nonirrigated. It is in the Salt Meadow range site.
<br />52-Osgood-Valent complex. This map unit is in
<br />areas of sandhills. Slope is 0 to 2 percent. Areas are
<br />irregular in shape and are 40 to 600 acres.
<br />This unit is 60 percent Osgood sand and 30 percent
<br />Valent sand. The components of this unit are so
<br />intdcately intermingled that it was not practical to map
<br />them separately at the scale used.
<br />Included in this unit are small areas of Vona soils.
<br />Included areas make up about 10 percent of the total
<br />acreage.
<br />The Osgood soil is deep and well drained. It formed in
<br />eolian sand. Typically, the surface layer is light brownish
<br />gray tine sand 23 inches thick. The subsoil is grayish
<br />brown sandy loam 15 inches thick. The substratum to a
<br />depth of 60 inches or more is pale brown sand.
<br />Permeability of the Osgood soil is rapid. Available
<br />water capacity is low. Effective rooting depth is 60
<br />Soil Survey
<br />inches or more. Runoff is slow, and the hazard of water
<br />erosion is slight. The hazard of soft blowing is severe.
<br />The Valent soil is deep and excessively drained. It
<br />formed in eolian sand. Typically, the surface layer is
<br />grayish brown sand 8 inches thick. The underlying
<br />material to a depth of 60 inches or more is pale brown
<br />fine sand.
<br />Permeability of the Valent soil is rapid. Available water
<br />capacity is low. Effective rooting depth is 60 inches or
<br />more. Runoff is slow, and the hazard of water erosion is
<br />slight. The hazard of soil blowing is severe.
<br />This unit is used mainly as rangeland. It is also used
<br />for irrigated crops.
<br />If this unit is used for irtigated crops, the main
<br />limitations are the hazard of soil blowing and
<br />droughtiness; Sprinkler irrigation is suited to this unit.
<br />Because the soils in this unit are droughty, applications '
<br />of irrigation water should be light and frequent.
<br />Returning all crop residue to the soil and using a
<br />cropping system that includes grasses, legumes, or
<br />grass-legume mixtures help to maintain fertility and filth.
<br />Maintaining crop residue on or near the surface reduces
<br />runoff and soil blowing and helps to maintain soil filth
<br />and the organic matter content. Tillage should be kept to
<br />a minimum. Applying nitrogen and phosphorus increases
<br />production.
<br />The potential plant community on this unit is mainly
<br />prairie sandreed, sand bluestem, needleandthread, blue
<br />grama, and switchgrass. Seeding improves range that is
<br />in poor condition. Suitable mixtures include sand
<br />bluestem, little bluestem, sideoats grama, prairie
<br />sandreed, Indian ricegrass, switchgrass, and indiangrass.
<br />If this unit is used for windbreaks and environmental
<br />plantings, the main limitations are low precipitation,
<br />droughtiness, and the hazard of soil blowing. Onsite
<br />investigation is needed to determine the feasibility of
<br />planting trees and shrubs.
<br />If this unit is used for homesite development, the main
<br />limitation is the hazard of soil blowing. Revegetating
<br />disturbed areas around construction sites as soon as
<br />feasible reduces soil blowing.
<br />This map unit is in capability subclasses IVe, irrigated,
<br />and Vle, nonirrigated. This unit is in the Deep Sand
<br />range site.
<br />53-Paoli flna sandy loam. This deep, well drained
<br />soil is on flood plains of intermittent drainageways. It
<br />formed in mixed alluvium. Slope is 0 to 2 percent. Areas
<br />are elongated and are 20 to 200 acres.
<br />Typically, the surface layer is grayish brown fine sandy
<br />loam about 17 inches thick. The upper 14 inches of the
<br />underlying material is brown sandy loam, the next 17
<br />inches is light yellowish brown sandy loam, and the
<br />lower part to a depth of 60 inches or more is pale brown,
<br />stratified loamy sand and sandy loam.
<br />Included in this unit are small areas of Table Mountain
<br />loam and Bankard sand. Included areas make up about
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