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• Vc~e~ation Sampling <br />- In Juh' of each Vicar t2Ult0 through 2(X14) demonstration plots were smnpled for veeetative cover <br />by species, bare p;mund, rx}: anJ litter a5ing apoint-intercept method. Sampling was stratitieJ in the <br />'- lcnceJ and non-fcncexi areas in order to extunine the etleds of game exclusion. Within each Fenced (five <br />"- plots) and unfenced (five plow) plot at Colowyo and T'mpper Mines (Figures I and ?), five SO-m transe~cts <br />_ _ were randomly IocateJ. One of the lice tnmsexts in each plot at Trapper Iv1inc wos stmliticYl in <br />_ ~_ mvrnrrhizae inoculation strips in order to test for a tnatment response. Cover data was rnllecteJ every <br />one meter along each transats (250 cov~T points per plot). At the Sem~ce Mine, where plots arc <br />_.- considen+bly smaller (Figure 31, we used three 3(}-m trattsects and atlleeaed cover data every one mater <br />. _ (90 cover points per plot). Only three plots at the Seneca Mine were divided into subplots by a fence. <br />... In addition to cover sampling along these transects, we estimated shrub establishment and shrub <br />--- height in each Jemonstrution plot within O.Sm' quadrats along each tmnsect. .4t Colowyo and 'I rapper, <br />- the yuadrtts were loca0.d every 20 m slung Ilte transrc4 for a total of 12 quadrats (6.U m' per plot). In <br />-- the smaller plots at Seneca Mine quadrats were located every 10 m along each transect for a total <br />'- sampling area of 4.$ m' (9 quadrats) per Jemonstratiun plot. Within each of these: quadrats all shrubs <br />-'- were identifieJ to species and heights nt• individuals ++crr reconled. <br />'- AI the Seneca Mine shrub tulxaings were planted in September of 2000 in select demonstmtion <br />plots. To evaluate the success of this operation, survival of transplwtU was quantified during the <br />alive or dead. A <br />-- - - <br />During the vegetation sampling, voucher specimens of plant raze were collected for positive <br />identification and for archival in the Restorttion 6extlogy' Lab Herbarium. Permanent photo reference <br />points established in 2001 in each demonstration plot ++ere photo6raphed annually to illustrate long-tcrnt <br />changes in Ute vegetation. <br />izi:~~~t,TS Ann nisc~i~~ic~n <br />Results Gom the demonstration pluLs illustrate the complex interactions of various cultural and <br />environmcntnl factors in the establishmem of woody vcgctation on noclaimeJ surface mines. Shrub <br />establishment and seeding success has been variable across tltc three mine sites f.Figurc 5. 'fable 91 likely <br />owing to timing of the seeding, spoil quality and variable local climatic conditions at the three sites slier <br />sitiding. <br />iu '.~IMe~~.- <br />eQ~4 i~ ^T`S _ ~%T~'"~ _ <br />' „ ^~ <br />rr ~~ <br />Y i{ <br />~ • yl ~ c1 +~Yf ~ y I <br />y~~Jr~~' 0 ~ 3 1 n 1, '. ~'S' ~ ~v~~ <br />!~.~~: }'~~ ~~'~M •-~ '.ti :. ia, ~"-'r-~~L'~I~?,~'~.t:'T.7td`f~~N <br />Picun• ~' ~ari~ru, non-I~q~~i~ilr,l plots at ('ulu+vyu Ileltl. Irupper nuni~llct :m~ \cncc^ fright) <br />mines m Jcnr aiiU ,hot+int~. Jitl'crinR +hnth establishment success. Note the numerous sagebntsh <br />seedlings in the C'olowyo photo (right). <br />• <br />