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• Water Soluble Artions Carbonate (CO3), Bicarbonate (HCO3), and Sulfate (SO,) <br />Ammonium (NH,) and Nitrate (N03) <br />Boron (B) <br />Selenium (Se) <br />Molybdenum (Mo) <br />Manganese (Mn) <br />Iron (Fe) <br />Sulfur (S) or Acid Potential (AP) <br />Neutralization Potential (NP) <br />Acid-Base Potential (ABP) <br />Copper (Cu) - 1 location only <br />Nickel (Ni) - 1 location only <br />Zinc (Zn) - 1 location only <br />Cadmium (Cd) - 1 location only <br />Mercury (Hg) - 1 location only <br />Lead (Pb) - 1 location only <br />Arsenic (As) - 1 location only <br />• <br />These parameters were analyzed on the New Horizon 2 geologic strata to document the physical <br />and chemical properties of the OIU, to compare these properties to ground water quality, to develop <br />effective and efficient OIU handling procedures, and to determine potential reclamation success. <br />The following discussion describes the importance and applicability of each physical and chemical <br />test that was completed. Since portions of the overburden will be used as a root growth medium <br />beneath the topsoil, the words soil and overburden are used here interchangeably. <br />~H. Soil reaction (or pH) of the growth medium significantly affects the availability of essential <br />nutrients in addition to the solubility of potentially toxic ions. Soils with a pH ranging from 7.5 to 8.4 <br />contain alkaline earth carbonates and may be alkali. Soils With a pH greater than 8.5 are nearly <br />always alkali and contain a large percentage ofalkaline-earth carbonates (USDA,1951 and USDA, <br />1969). Soils with pH less than 5.0 usually contain solubilized aluminum and excessive amounts <br />of other heavy metal trace elements which are soluble under acid conditions. Total nutrient <br />availability is greatest for neutral to slightly acid soils within a pH range of 6.5 - 7.0 (Donahue et al., <br />. Revised 27 Aug 2002 14 <br />