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<br />82 SOIL SURVEY
<br />are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern redcedar, ponderosa
<br />pine, Siberian elm, Russian-0live, and hackberry. The
<br />shrubs best suited are skunkbush sumac, lilac, and Siberi-
<br />an peashrub.
<br />Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil The
<br />cropland areas provide favorable habitat for ring-necked
<br />pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can
<br />be attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape
<br />cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essen-
<br />tial and should be included in plans for habitat develop-
<br />ment, especially in areas of intensive agriculture.
<br />Rapid expansion of Greeley and the surrounding area
<br />has resulted in urbanization of much of this Olney soil
<br />This soil has good potential for urban and recreational
<br />development The only limiting feature is the moderately
<br />rapid permeability in the substratum, which causes a
<br />hazard of ground water contamination from sewage
<br />Ltgoons. Lawns, shrubs, and trees grow well Capabi79ty
<br />cuss I imgated.
<br />47-Olney fine sandy loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes.
<br />This is a deep, well drained soil on plains at elevations of
<br />4,600 to 5,200 feet It formed in mixed outwash deposits.
<br />Included in mapping aze small areas of soils that have a
<br />dazk surface layer. Some small leveled areas are also in-
<br />cluded.
<br />Typically the surface layer of this Olney soil is grayish
<br />brown fine sandy loam about 10 inches thick. The subsoil
<br />is yellowish brown and very pale brown sandy clay loam
<br />about 14 inches thick The substratum to a depth of 60
<br />inches is very pale brown, calcareous fine sandy loam.
<br />Permeability and available water capacity are
<br />moderate. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or
<br />more. Surface runoff is medium, and the erosion hazard is
<br />low.
<br />In imgated areas this soil is suited to all crops com-
<br />monly grown in the azea, including rnrn, sugaz beets,
<br />beans, alfalfa, small grain, potatoes, and onions. An exam-
<br />ple of a suitable cropping system is 3 to 4 years of alfalfa
<br />followed by corn, corn far silage, sugaz beets, small grain,
<br />or beans. Land leveling, ditch lining, and installing
<br />pipelines may be needed for proper water application All
<br />methods of irrigation are suitable, but furrow irrigation is
<br />the most common. Barnyard manure and rnmmercial fer-
<br />tilizer are needed for top yields
<br />In nonirrigated areas this soil is suited to winter wheat,
<br />barley, and sorghum. Most of the acreage is planted to
<br />winter wheat The predicted average yield is 28 bushels
<br />per acre. The soil is summer followed in alternate years
<br />to allow moisture accumulation. Generally precipitation is
<br />too low for beneficial use of fertilizer.
<br />Stubble mulch farming, stripcropping, and minimum til-
<br />lage aze needed to control soil blowing and water erosion
<br />Terracing also may be needed to control water erosion.
<br />The potential native vegetation on this range site is
<br />dominated by sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, and blue
<br />grams. Needleandthread, switchgrass, sideoats grams,
<br />and western wheatgrass are also prominent. Potential
<br />production ranges from 2,200 pounds per acre in favora-
<br />ble years to 1,800 pounds in unfavorable years As range
<br />condition deteriorates, the sand bluestem, sand reedgrass,
<br />and switchgrass decrease and blue grams, sand dropseed,
<br />and sand sage increase. Annual weeds and grasses invade
<br />the site as range condition bernmes poorer.
<br />Management of vegetation on this soil should be based
<br />on taking half and leaving half of the total annual produc-
<br />tion Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition.
<br />Sand bluestem, sand reedgrasa, switchgrass, sideaats
<br />grams, blue grams, and pubescent wheatgrass are suita-
<br />ble for seeding. The grass selected should meet the
<br />seasonal requirements of livestoc]c. It can be seeded into
<br />a clean, firm sorghum stubble, or it can be drilled into a
<br />firm prepazed seedbed. Seeding early in spring has
<br />proven most successful
<br />Windbreaks and environmental plantings are generally
<br />suited to this soil Soil blowing, the principal hazard in
<br />establishing trees and shrubs, can be controlled by cul-
<br />tivating only in the tree row and by leaving a strip of
<br />vegetation between the rows Supplemental irrigation
<br />may be needed at the time of planting and during dry
<br />periods. Trees that are best suited and have good survival
<br />are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern redcedaz, ponderosa
<br />pine, Siberian elm, Russian-0live, and hackberry, The
<br />shrubs best suited are skunkbush sumac, lilaq and Siberi-
<br />an peashrub.
<br />Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil The
<br />cropland areas provide favorable habitat for ring-necked
<br />pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can
<br />be attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape
<br />cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essen-
<br />tial and should be included in plans for habitat develop-
<br />ment, especially in areas of intensive agriculture. Range-
<br />land wildlife, for example, the pronghorn antelope, can be
<br />attracted by developing livestock watering facilities,
<br />managing livestock grazing, and reseeding where needed.
<br />Rapid expansion of Greeley and the surrounding area
<br />has resulted in urbanization of much of the Olney soil
<br />This soil has good potential for urban and recreational
<br />development The only limiting feature is the moderately
<br />rapid permeability in the substratum, which causes a
<br />hazard of ground water contamination from sewage
<br />lagoons Lawns, shrubs, and trees grow well Capability
<br />subclass IIe irrigated, IVe nonirrigated; Sandy Plains
<br />range site.
<br />48-Olney fine sandy loam, 3 to 5 percent elopes.
<br />This is a deep, well drained soil on plains at elevations o1
<br />4,600 to 5,200 feet It formed in mixed outwash deposits
<br />Included in mapping are small areas of soils that have ;
<br />dark surface layer and small areas of soils that have
<br />sandstone and shale within a depth of 60 inches.
<br />i
<br />Typically the surface layer of this Olney soil is grayis}
<br />brown fine sandy; clay loam about 8 inches thick The sub
<br />soil is yellowish brown and very pale brown fine sand_
<br />loam about 12 inches thick The substratum to a depth o
<br />60 inches is very pale brown, rrlcareous line sandy loam.
<br />Permeability and available water capacity az
<br />moderate. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches c
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