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SOIL SURVEY 54-Paoli loam, 0 l0 1 percent slopes, This is a deep, well drained soil on terraces at elevations of 4,700 to 5,250 feet. Tt formed in alluvial deposits. Included in mapping are small areas of soils that have a loamy sand surface layer. Typically the surface layer is grayish brown loam and fine sandy loam about 25 inches thick. The underlying material to a depth of 60 inches is light brownish gray fine sandy loam. Permeability is moderate. Available water capacity is high. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or more. Surface runoff is very slow, and the erosion hazard is low. This soil is used almost entirely for irrigated crops. It is suited to all crops commonly grown in the area, includ- ing corn, sugar beets, beans, alfalfa, small grain, potatoes, and onions. An example of a suitable cropping system is 3 to 9 years of alfalfa followed by corn, corn for silage, sugar beets, small grain, or beans. Such characteristics as the rapidly permeable substratum slightly restrict some crops. All methods of irrigation are suitable, but furrow ir- rigation is the most common. Proper irrigation water management is essential. Barnyard manure and commer- cial fertilizer are needed for top yields. Windbreaks and environmental plantings aze generally suited to this soil. Soil blowing, the principal hazard in establishing trees and shrubs, can be controlled by cul- tivating only in the tree row and by leaving a strip of vegetation between the rows. Supplemental irrigation may be needed at the time of planting and during dry periods. Trees that are best suited and have good survival are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern redcedar, ponderosa pine, Siberian elm, Russianolive, and hackberry. The shrubs best suited are skunkbush sumac, lilac, and Siberi- an peashrub. Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. The cropland areas provide favorable habitat for ring-necked pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can be attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essen- tial and should be included in plans for habitat develop- ment, especially in areas of intensive agriculture. In areas protected from flooding, this soil has good potential for urban and recreational development. The chief limiting feature is the rapid permeability in the sub- stratum, which causes a hazard of ground water con- tamination from sewage lagoons. Road designs should be modified to compensate for the moderate frost potential. Lawns, shrubs, and trees grow welt. Capability subclass Its irrigated.