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In the tipple area the Illinois River has a base flow rate of about 6 cfs and <br />a recorded 100-year flood discharge of 2,970 cfs. The Illinois River has its <br />source in the Never Summer Range to the southeast. The Illinois River, after <br />it passes the tipple area, flows in a northwest direction bypassing the town <br />of Walden on the southwest. Approximately one mile northwest of Walden the <br />Illinois and Michigan Rivers merge and flow. northward to merge with the <br />Canadian River. <br />Just to the east of the tipp]e area, a stagnant pond expresses the ground <br />water level. This water level is very near to the original land surface. The <br />water level in this pond is maintained by the Illinois River water <br />infiltration through the alluvium and from snowmelt and thundershowers. The <br />water in the pond is predominately calcium and bicarbonate types that are <br />alkaline in nature and low in dissolved and suspended loads. <br />Soils of the Marr mine areas are predominatly sandy clay_1_o_am and clay <br />textures (Table 42a). The 720 Pit soils consisted of mainly Coalmont clams, <br />Aaberg-Barishmen complex clams, and areas of very minor Fluetsch san3- y <br />loams. The Coa mon soi s are classified as fin montmorr onrtic Borollic <br />1'aTargids. The Aaberg and Barishman soils ar grn montmorillonitic <br />Borollic Camborthids and fine, montmorillonitic rollic Paleargids, <br />respectively. Fluetsch soils are classified as fine-loamy, mixed Borollic <br />Haplargids. All of these soils have high clay contents. The Pit 1 soils <br />consisted of Coalmont clays and Cryorthents (clayey in this case) with all <br />soils having clay percentages of 50 or more. Pit 2 soils consist of Coalmont <br />sandy clay loads and Cryorthents with surface clay overlain on sandy clay <br />subsoil. Pit 3 soils are mainly Gelkie sandy clay loams (fine-loamy, mixed <br />Argic Cr•yoborolls), Fluetsch sandy clay loams and Morset sandy clay loams <br />(fine-loamy, mixed Argic Cryoborolls). Some minor amounts of Coalmont sandy <br />clay loams also occur in the Pit 3 area. <br />Topsoil suitability ratings are listed in Table 43a of the Permit <br />Application. In general, all soils in the Pit 1 area are rated poor as <br />topsoil sources because of high clay content. Pit 2 soils are rated good <br />except for Cryorthents which are rated as poor because of the high clay <br />content (surface soil) or high SAR (subsoil). Pit 3 soils are generally rated <br />s good topsoil sources. The 720 Pit area was stripped of topsoil between <br />( 1974 and permit issuance so a six inch layer of topsoil was saved and <br />stockpiled regardless of the suitability rating. <br />Soils were not removed prior to construction, since the tipple was built prior <br />to topsoil salvaging requirements (Page 780-64). Additionally, fill material <br />of a sandy loam to loamy sand texture was brought in to improve foundation <br />material, drainage and elevation (ground water table is high). Therefore soil <br />at the site was either buried or used to construct the berm that surrounds the <br />site to the south and east. <br />