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<br />roof. The mining permit application does not identify any <br />high volume aquifers in the overburden. <br />The stratigraphic section overlying the mine is composed <br />predominantly of siltstone, with some thick sandstone and <br />interbedded shale and siltstone layers. Indication from the <br />drill logs and from the mine permit are that the rock units <br />are hard and well cemented. Surface subsidence related to <br />water or ligiud withdrawal is typically associated with <br />weakly to unconsolidated overburden. In this area <br />unconsolidated deposits exist only or. the alluvial valley <br />terraces. Therefore, water withdrawal from any aquifer <br />within the overburden above the mine would not be expected <br />to cause surface subsidence. <br />In order to check the effects of water level changes on the <br />shallow alluvial ground-water table, data from wells PAW-5, <br />6 and 7 were obtained from the permit file. The three wells <br />are completed in the alluvial valley deposits. Data on <br />river levels and monthly rainfall were also obtained. <br />Figures 6 to 12 are graphic plots of this data. Figure 6 is <br />a graph of the annual rainfall from 1979 to 1993. Of <br />significance is that annual rainfalls for 1989 (10.79 <br />inches), 1990 (14.7 inches) and 1991 (14.26 inches) were <br />well below the average rainfall for the area (17.3 inches). <br />A study of the daily rainfall versus water level for all <br />three wells was conducted. It is clear that there is a <br />rapid response (i.e., water level increase in the wells) as <br />a result of rainfall in the area. One complicating factor <br />is that the rain gage is located in Trinidad, about 20 miles <br />away from the sample wells. Local thundershowers near the <br />wells could produce fluctuations in the water level that may <br />not be apparent if rainfall was not measured at Trinidad. <br />Regardless of any variation in water levels caused by local <br />versus regional rainfall events, the evidence indicates that <br />the shallow alluvial wells are not being affected by the <br />mining operations. If subsidence cracks had penetrated into <br />the alluvial aquifer, it would drain the aquifer and the <br />water level in the wells would be lowered or perpetually <br />dry. The drought recorded in well PAW 7 is most probably <br />related to very low rainfall (Table 9). <br />Other Factors <br />The three-year, below-average precipitation for the area <br />could have caused damage to the structure because of trees <br />drawing water from the soil zone. The distribution of trees <br />around the structure (Photographs 2, 4, and 5) could be <br />affecting the foundation by dewatering surrounding soils, <br />followed by consolidation and differential lowering of the <br />house slightly during the dry period of 1989 through 1992. <br />6 <br />