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required by the Authorized Officer. • A monitoring and sampling plan would be submitted and approved to determine baseline radiation levels in the Plan area and in any future modification area prior to, during mining and at reclamation. The monitoring plan would include a description of monitoring devices, sampling parameters and frequency, reporting procedures and methods. The monitoring plan would be coordinated with and approved by the BLM Authorized Officer prior to surface disturbance. • If monitoring results indicate there are hazard levels of radioactivity on the mine site due to mining activity, actions must be taken to prevent damage to public health, welfare and the environment. • If the mine is to be idle for more than one year, the mine entrance must be closed using a method sufficient to preclude entry by the public. Temporary closure methods must be approved by BLM and CDRMS. • During final reclamation, the opening must be permanently closed using methods approved by BLM and CDRMS. Noise: • [f noise exceeds Colorado noise emission limits (Colorado Regulation 25-12 Article 12, "Noise Abatement") with any mining operations, adequate muffling techniques, such as hospital-type mufflers, would be applied to reduce noise levels to an acceptable level. Paleontology: If paleontological materials (fossils) are uncovered during project activities, the operator is to immediately stop activities that might further disturb such materials, and contact the authorized officer (AO). The operator and the authorized officer would consult and determine the best option for avoiding or mitigating paleontological site damage. No Action Alternative: The "no action" altemative, which is not approving the Plan of Operations, needs to be analyzed as an altemative. This altemative does not mean no mining indefinitely, just that this particular Plan would not be approved. Regulations in 43 CFR 3809.411(d)(3) states, in part, that the proposal would be analyzed in the context of the requirement to prevent unnecessary or undue degradation. A situation that could dictate possible non-approval of a plan of operations is conflict with the Endangered Species Act (ESA) of 1973, as amended. If there are no conflicts with the Endangered Species Act, the Plan must be considered for approval subject to any changes and/or additions necessary to meet the requirement of preventing unnecessary or undue degradation. ALTERNATIVES CONSIDERED BUT NOT CARRIED FORWARD: No additional alternatives were brought forth or considered. NEED FOR THE ACTION: The applicant submitted a Plan of Operations (Plan) as required by 43 CFR 3809 to develop a uranium and vanadium deposit on mining claims located under the Mining Law of 1872. In order to mine, the applicant must have an approved Plan from the 6