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~ ~ -~, r~ Q4-421 --. mi.-i=ral I, ] Est tea.-her a meu'iod of m~:im:=izg t:2 ec~tic r=~i- zatioz fin the total orcduc_, oath [sici a 10:-ata.^.1°_ C3SLY.T.1?'1t ?r.~ itself establisnes ma_~•i~~_abili =-,•. (Reply at 3 ieno:~sis add_~d) . ) T!L= ssue cf wi-tetsi- a m:ne_21 is a carntir, or an wzc~cm~ and hhanoe lOCat3ble ~,~^_e_.' St~L? ~~D°..Sl.'j.J :1ri k73eth°_~ 1t CaR 'J_'- SIL'Titil ttlat C~]e IJaLt1.^.- ttlar ~.-.p051t :.as "~'St=^.`t, SDe,^._al eC.21'3T'LC ~~.ll°_ • x x OVEr 3*'L'1- aD7lT2 :SL° nornel uses of the rn~n=*al rim of such d.~os_ts." 43 C.F.R. s 3'*11.1(b). C!f necessity, it includes a s.'~ow=na that the stone in fact car. be sold fcr a use tr3t rives ~.~ lirrestone sDeci~ :clue. In ttis case, two sto:~miies co^sist of lirestone t}3t assa•/e3 at trore than 95 pe-zent total c=*mnates, wile rh= assayed :~1ue of ;httir3 eras sliah-~y less than °5 --cent. Ur~r U.S. v Fores~run, su =a, li~staae that is 95 ~~_zt or Witter total..a~a~ates is an w*icarmcn L•~--iety a*~ therefcre subject tc locatiaz w*;der t*ie crr~_--~1 mining laws. Lz Fo-es+wh, it was shoran :hat '_imestone faun ui Foresvth claims ra:~_ng a total caiv2i- ate ccmt~t cf 95 Descant or bett°_r c~!d b= sold at a nrenium for marnifac- ture an3 sale as rock fl' 1St . Testimsry• an3 o.h°_- ecd.aenc=_ also establishsi that the citicai fa,:~or for r^o^._.i: oust was the =eauisac~nt t2•.at it mst cortan *~ trote t:'~ar. 4 _rn-went an3/or ca~in_ai silica. Unite3 States v. ForesvLh, suQr~ at 237, 94 I.D. 482; see 30 C.F.R. § 75.2 (1997). Oar holding that litrest~~ havin? a total ra-m-,-,ate content of 95 p°_*•cent or •j harts: is la..atabi=_ apes not preclude iocati oz of a litresto-ie aeposi t containing less trap 95 pe_*-:.ant total caiv5,ate content, so long as tine liirestone hoc a prooesty caving i t a unique v~ue which is reflected L'1 a hi~or price than a c~m~m v~-•ie*_y liirestaae would c~en3. McCl~*-v v. Secretan~ of ?zterio-, 408 F.2d 9G7, 909 (9th Cir. 1969); United States :-. Multiple Use. Lzc., 120 LT3IA 63, 83 (1991); United States v. Foresvth, s1II~ d at 245, 94 I.D. at 486; United States :-. Pierce, ',5 I.D. 255, 260- (1968); Utited States v. Lease, surra at 17, 79 I.D. at 381-82. Moreover, although neithe_ the assay saTmling nor the ~rethodology and results have berm ci*ectly called into question by Appellants, we note that grab saimling is not an acceptable sailing treth-~d for quantitative purposes, J and ttnas we question the significance attriDUts3 to tree assay ~/ Zhe ST1~7 Manual. Handbook for M;nP~i E~niners, H-3690-1, at Cn. IV-3C prt+vides "C. GYab Sar~oles. Although grab satroling nay yield valuable information, it is not systematic or statisticzlly valid. The m;nP*ai ~ni„A,- should use grab sailing cautiously because unintentional high grading is always possible. I~yering or segregation of m;noral values may be present. Grab sailing is not mcanrended; it carries little probative value on the witness stand. GYade and tonnage figures are not reliable if calculated fran grab sanples." See also F. Pitard, Pierre Gv's Sarrolina Tneorv and Samolina Practice 2d 1 3 at 206. 148 TRTA 377