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~ r <br />after the first incident of damage. Homeowner Ann Tatum testified <br />that she and her husband did not notice any additional damage to <br />their residence between mid-1997 and October 2000. Thus the <br />evidence supports the trial court's factual determination. See <br />Hoe ,supra; Colo. Nat'l Bank, supra; Middlekamp, supra. <br />The principle of permanent injury relied upon by Basin is <br />confined to instances "where the property invasion will and should <br />continue indefinitely because defendants, with lawful authority, <br />constructed a socially beneficial structure intended to be <br />permanent." Hoery v. United States, supra, 64 P.3d at 220. <br />Middlekamp and Colorado National Bank involved the <br />discharge of water from irrigation ditches and reservoirs. Denver & <br />Santa Fe Rv. v. Hannegan, 43 Colo. 122, 95 P. 343 (1908), arose in <br />the context of the construction and maintenance of railroad lines <br />that abutted residential homes. In those cases the structures <br />causing damage to the plaintiffs' properties were deemed to be vital <br />to the development of the state and the damages were determined <br />to be necessary byproducts of the socially beneficial improvements. <br />6 <br />