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<br /> <br />test apparatus consisted of a clear Pyrex funnel which was inverted on the surface <br />of the geomembrane and connected to a regulated vacuum source. The vacuum <br />was set at 7 5-inches of mercury, approximately twice that of 8-inches <br />recommended in the ASTM D4545 procedure. <br />OBSERVATIONS <br />80 MIL VLDPE GEOMEMBRANE <br />Upon extraction of the liner cover fill from the mold, the VLDPE was moderately distressed and <br />scarred from the drain cover fill. The deepest scars appeared to be approximately 10 mils deep. <br />The scars on the top side of the geomembrane did not appear to be any deeper over the two 2- <br />inch gravel pieces than over the rest of the soil liner fill. The bottom side of the geomembrane <br />showed minimal distress after the test. One of the gravel pieces left a minimal impression in the <br />geomembrane but it is not evident in the geomembrane where the other gravel piece was located. <br />It should be noted that it was impossible to smooth the surtace of the soil liner fill and gravel <br />pieces in the mold to the same smoothness as what is being done in the field with the smooth- <br />drum roller. <br />After removal and cleaning, the VLDPE exhibited no perforations when examined over a light. <br />source. Vacuum testing was performed on the specimen, and no pinholes where observed. <br />LINER COVER FILL <br />The liner cover fill showed no signs of distress from the loading. Particle breaking was not <br />observed. <br />SOIL LINER FILL AND GRAVEL PIECES <br />The gravel piece that was placed on the flat portion of the soil liner fill broke at the edge during <br />loading. The gravel piece on the slope showed no signs of distress. It should be stated that the <br />breakage may not be only related to the loading but a function of the way that the stone was <br />placed in the soil liner fill. A hole was excavated in the soil liner fill to the general shape of the <br />stone however, the hole was larger than the stone. The attempt 20 fill between the sides of the <br />hole and the stone was difficult and most likely was not compacted as well as the other soli liner <br />fill possibly contributing to the breakage of the stone. <br />The surface of the soil liner fill appeared to be more compact and flat after the load application. <br />I hope this quantitative information provides you with the data required to allow to make a decision <br />regarding the maximum particle size at the prepared surface of the soil liner. We believe that this <br />data supports the acceptability of the minus 2-inch fraction at the surtace provided that the <br />surface is smooth. As before, any stone that is protruding from surface of the soil liner or any <br />stone that is fractured and has a potential to rotate and puncture the liner will either be removed <br />or laminated with a veneer of finer grained soil liner fill. <br />Your immediate response to this issue is appreciated as the removal of the additional material that <br />is not detrimental io the geomembrane adds unnecessary construction cost and slows productivity. <br />