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' CGRS,Inc • • <br /> ' 2.0 INITIAL LABORATORY TESTING <br /> ' Public Service Company generated analytical data indicating that fly ash is not a characteristic <br /> ' hazardous waste. Numerous analytical methods were used such as toxicity characteristic leaching <br /> procedure (TCLP). CGRS in conjunction with Colorado State University Groundwater Program <br /> ' performed a number of tests that included: <br /> • Hydraulic Conductivity Testing(Permeameter Test); <br /> ' • Porosity Determination; <br /> • Sequential Extraction Leaching Procedure(SELP); <br /> • Synthetic Ground Water Column Leaching Procedure(SGCLP); <br /> • Toxic Characteristic Leaching Procedure(TCLP); and <br /> • Synthetic Ground Water Leaching Procedure(SGLP). <br /> ' A discussion of these tests is provided below. <br /> ' 2.1 Hydraulic Conductivity <br /> The hydraulic conductivity of the ash was performed using either a "Constant Head" or "Falling <br /> ' Head" Permeameter. The Constant Head Permeameter works better for high permeability porous <br /> materials and the Falling Head Permeameter works best for low permeability porous materials. <br /> With either test the flow rate and the potentiometric head loss are measured through a sample of <br /> the ash. The hydraulic conductivity was then calculated using Darcy's Law. The hydraulic <br /> ' conductivity of the ash is required to determine the expected rate of groundwater flow through the <br /> buried ash and the effects of burial on ground water flow patterns. <br /> 2.2 Porosity <br /> ' Porosity is the ratio of the volume of the voids to the bulk volume of the sample. With this test the <br /> volume and dry weight of a sample of ash was measured. The ash was then saturated with water <br /> ' under a vacuum pressure and the weight of the saturated sample measured. For saturated <br /> conditions the volume of the voids is equal to the volume of the water. The porosity is required to <br /> ' determine the pore volume for the ash. The results of hydraulic conductivity and porosity testing <br /> are summarized in Table 1. <br /> ' 3 <br />