1999-11-11_REVISION - M1977208 - Laserfiche WebLink

Home Browse Search

2. "Fresh" CKD should never be placed, or allowed to be placed inadvertently, in open Flowing water or in areas, such as flood plains, where open flowing water may reach the "fresh" CKD prior to a few weeks of curing. 3. "Fresh" CKD should be spread in thin layers (no more than a few feet thick) and immediately watered. Watering will help control dust and will aid the transformation from CKD to limestone. (Watering is effectively accomplished at the Holnam Portland Quarry in Florence where fresh CKD is covered with sewer sludge.) 4. Except where "weathered" CKD is to be subsequently covered and thereby disturbed, "weathered" CKD should not be significantly disturbed so as to re-pulverize it. GROUNDWATER MONITORING PARAMETERS Groundwater monitoring generally seems unnecessary unless "fresh" CKD is to be exposed to surface waters or unless "weathered" CKD is to be pulverized and exposed to groundwater. 1. Where groundwater monitoring is deemed appropriate, it is recommended that a representative suite of indicator elements be developed from site specific CKD leach tests and ambient groundwater conditions. Because clay compositions differ from site to site, a single set of parameters does not seem appropriate. 2. Monitoring parameters should ideally consist of elements or compounds that consistently reported above detection limits in groundwater samples or that consistently reporte well above detection limits in CKD leach tests. Where sewer sludge, compost, or other organic materials or amendments are anticipated to come into contact with the CICD, or where reducing conditions can be expected to result, Mn might be used as a monitoring pazameter. Mn is a typical component of limestone and can be mobilized under reducing conditions. Use of Mn for monitoring might be given extra consideration 4. Even though high alkalinity is a feature of "fresh" CKD weathering, it is not recommended that pH alone be used as a monitoring parameter where pollution from high pH might be anticipated. Because pH is a logarithmic representation of hydrogen ion activity, a unit shift in pH represents a 10-fold increase (or decrease) in H' activity. For instance, a pH 8 solution contains 1000 times greater hydrogen ion activity than a pH 11 solution; thus, unless the pH 11 solution comprises an extremely high percentage of a pH 8 and pH 1 ]solution mixture, pollution by the high pH solution would be masked and not detectable. A 50:50 mixture could not be detected. 5. Until the degree of variability on the dust source is well established, period leach testing of [he CKD should be conducted. The technical revision for the Holnam Boettcher Plant requires TCLP testing on CKD samples semi-annually.