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. 32 <br /> <br /> <br />I <br />'I <br />1' <br /> <br /> <br /> <br />1 <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br />• SOIL SIIBVEY ' <br />B2tr1 to lb inches, clay loam; reddish brown (bYR 5/3) <br />when dry, reddish brown (5YR 4/3) when moist; <br />moderate, one, prismatic structure breaking to mod- <br />erate, tine, subnngular blocky; hard when dry, fri- <br />able when moist; thin, patchy clay 81ms on faces <br />of soil aggregates; some quartzitic gravel; aoncal- <br />careous; pH T.4; clear, smooth boundary. <br />Baca-15 to 18 Inches, gravelly loam; light reddish bron•n <br />(5YR 0/3) when dry, reddish brown (5YR 5/3) <br />when moist; weak, medium, subangular blocky <br />structure; sllgl~tly hard when dry, very friable when <br />moist; few, thin, patchy clay films; weak accumula- <br />tion of secondary rnlcium carbonate occurring as <br />croncre[ions and ns rnatings on gravel fragments <br />nod sand; calcareous; pH &.?; clear, wavy boundary. <br />IICca-iS to 40 inches }, loose, calcareous, coarse sand, <br />gravel, and cobblestones; fragments in uppermost 12 <br />inches thickly coated with secondary calcium car- <br />bonate. <br />In this Area most ~"ernal soils have a slightly thicker <br />and finer textured surface layer than is typical of the <br />series, because plowing has mixed the topmost 7 to 10 <br />inches. These soils are moderately uniform. The main <br />variation is in the depth to sand and gavel, which ranges <br />from 15 to -10 inclies. Tlie amount of secondary calcium <br />carbonate caries from place to place, but. the uppermost <br />12 inches of the sand and gravel generally has a strong <br />concentration and is n-ealay cemented in places. <br />Vernal soils have a li_hter coloi•ecl silrface layer than <br />Uncompahgre soils, whic~i they commonly adjoin. Their <br />subsoil and substratum, unlike those of the Uncompahgre <br />soils, are well drained and umnottled and have distinct <br />accumulations of silicate clay. In soma places Vernal <br />soils occur kith \Voodrow soils, which, in contrast, are <br />calcareous throughout and lack a distinct accumulation <br />of silicate clav and a substratum of clean sand and <br />gravel. Vei~lal soils resemble .Mesa soils but have lower <br />u-nter-holding capacit}•. <br />In their natural state, Vernal soils support a good <br />cover of .galleta, Indian ricegrass, blue grama, and cactus. <br />If irrigated, they tali be used for tilled crops. Because <br />of the substrntnm of co:use sand and gravel, these soils <br />have a somewhat lower water-holding capacity than <br />other soils in the valley of the Uncompahe -e Ricer. <br />Vernal clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes (VeAI.-This <br />soil is on terraces. It lias a profile similar to rife one <br />described as typical of rife Vernal series. Most areas <br />are south and west of the town of Montrose. <br />Tliis soil supports a good cover of galleta, Indian rice- <br />~i•ass, blue grama, and cactus. It can Ue.usecl success- <br />fully for tiled crops. It requires frequent ii•i•igation <br />because coarse gravel in the substratum traits the water- <br />holding capacit}•. (capability unit VIe-1 nonirrigatecl; <br />IIIs-2 irrigated) <br />Vernal clay loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes (Neel.-This <br />soil is at the edge of terraces. It lias a profile similar <br />to the one described as typical of rife Vernal series. Tlie <br />largest areas are south and west of the town of Montrose. <br />Tliis soil supports a good cover of galleta, Indian rice- <br />grass, blue grama, and cactus. If irrigated, it can be <br />used successfully for tilled crops, but it is somewhat <br />more difficult to irrigate than Vernal clay loam, 0 to 2 <br />percent slopes. Because of rife coarse d avel substratum, <br />' the water-storage capacity is moderately ]olv, and fre- <br />quent irrigation is required. (Capability unit VIe-1 <br />nonirrigated; IIIe-1 irrigated) <br /> <br />Vernal gravelly clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes <br />IVgA).-This soil occurs ns elongated areas on terraces <br />parallel to river channels. It has a rofile similar to <br />the one described as typical of the Vernal series, but <br />rife surface layer and subsoil are 15 to 30 percent gravel <br />and cobblestones. Most of rife acreage is south and west <br />of rife town of Montrose. <br />Tllis soil supports a good cover of galleta, Indian <br />rivet ass, blue grama, and cactus. If irrigated, it can <br />be used for tilled crops, but the ~i•nvel makes tillage <br />difficult turd is ]lard on farm mac~iinery. Tliis soil is <br />not likely to erode if well managed. (Capability unit <br />VIe-1 nonirrigatecl; IIIs-2 irrid red) <br />Vernal gravelly clay loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes <br />(VgB~.-Tiffs soil is on alluvial terraces. It has a profile <br />similar to the one described as typical of the Vernal <br />series, but the surface layer and subsoil are 15 to 30 per- <br />cent gravel and cobblestones. Most areas of this soil <br />are south and west of the town of Montrose. <br />This soil supports a good cover of galleta, Indian <br />ricegrass, blue grama, and cactus. Some is tilled and <br />irrigated, but spreading water evenly is difficult be- <br />cause of the slope. 1Fhere irri_ation is successfill, crops <br />can be gown. The gravel in the surface layer makes <br />tillage crifficult and is hard on farm machinery. This <br />soil is not lil:ely to erode if well managed. (Capability <br />unit VIe-1 nonirrigated; IIIe-1 irritated) <br />Wet Alluvial Land <br />1Vet alluvia] ]and (Wal Varies widelyy in texture, degree <br />of mottling, and gleying. It is Rooded frequently, and <br />the water table is at. or near the surface most of the tear. <br />Drainage is poor. This ]and type occurs as fairly small <br />areas along old oxbow channels of the Gunnison River <br />curl the Uncompahgre River. <br />This land type is not suitable for tillage. It supports <br />a cover of ticater-tolerant grass, willow, and scattered <br />cot.touwood. (Capability unit VIIw-1 nonirrigated) <br />Woodrow Series <br />The soils of the 1Voodrow series are deep, well drained, <br />and moderately fine testnred. They are grassland soils <br />that formed on alluvial fans in uniform, ca]cm•eous al- <br />luvium derived from mixed sedimentary roc]: and Pleisto- <br />cene deposits. Soils of this series are moderately extensive <br />in this Area and occur principally in the Sharano Valley. <br />jVoodroo• soils have n light brownish-gt:ay or dark <br />grayish-brown, friable, ginnulnr surface layer 4 to G <br />inches thick. They have a Urown or darl:-brown subsoil <br />of clay loan that has weak, subangular blocky structure. <br />The substratum, ivliicli begins 20 to 30 inclies below rife <br />surface, is brown or dark-brown, calcareous clay loam. <br />Li some places the substrntnm has weak accumulations <br />of secondary calcium carbonate. The depth to bedrock <br />generally is 60 inches or more. <br />These soils are only moderately susceptible to erosion. <br />Tlie organic-matter content is moderate, and the struc- <br />ture is moderately stable. <br />Typical profile of Woodrow clay loam, one-fourth <br />mile east of the southwest corner of the SE1/4 of sec. 4, <br />T. 48 N., R. 10 W. (Montrose County) <br />1 <br />