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fluctuations are probably the result of recharging and dewatering a perched aquifer within the formation. Although aquifer tests were not performed on the overburden at the site, aquifer characteristics have been extrapolated from Colorado Yampa Coal, located about 15 miles southeast. Data obtained from these tests indicate that transmissivity values for the overburden could range from 3 to 20 gallons per day per foot (0.4 to 2.7 ft' per day), while storativity may vary from 1 x 10"Z to 1 x 10-' as local conditions change. Water quality analyses generally indicate that this is a magnesium -calcium bicarbonate water with elevated levels of iron, manganese, and TDS. The high iron, TDS and manganese values preclude use of this water as a drinking supply. Williams Fork water is suitable for stock watering and irrigation of salt tolerant plants. Hubberson Gulch Alluvium The alluvium in Hubberson Gulch occurs in the lower reaches of the gulch in and adjacent to the permit area. Depth to water data indicates that the aquifer may vary from semi-confined to water table conditions. The amount of head, if any, is generally less than 5 feet. Water quality analyses of two alluvial wells indicate that these calcium-bicarbonate type waters do not meet U.S EPA drinking standards. Manganese, sulfate, TDS, and chromium are found to be in excess of standards. These waters do meet stock watering criteria, and may be used for irrigation dependent upon crop and soil characteristics. Springs and Seeps An initial spring survey in July, 1979, located 49 springs and seeps in and near the permit area. Two additional springs were identified during the 1997 baseline studies for the II-W South Extension Area. The majority of the springs and seeps occur in valley bottoms. The recharge to these valley bottom springs may be from a discontinuous alluvial aquifer, from colluvial slumps, or from perched aquifers draining to stream sediments. Several springs issue from the Williams Fork Fotmation, while two others issue from the overlying Twenty Mite Sandstone. Some of the springs are used to fill stock ponds in the area, while the majority either contribute flow to the creeks or provide recharge to downgradient alluvium. Olson Spring, which has an adjudicated domestic water right associated with it, issues from the Dry Creek Alluvium about 20 feet from Dry Creek. This spring is located about 9,000 feet downstream from mining. Seneca [I-W Findings Document 37 June l2, 2006 Permit Renewal No. 5