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The Minnequa soil is moderatly deep and well drianed. If formed in residuum derived dominatly from limestone and shale. Slope is 2 to ] 5 percent. Typically, the swface layer is light brownish gray silt loam about 2 inches thick. Ths subsoil is substratum are silt clay loam abut 26 inches thick over slightly hazd, fractwed limestone at a depth of 28 inches. The soil is moderatley alkaline. Permeabilty of this Minnequa soil is moderate. Availabe water capacity is low. Efective rooting depth is 20 to40 inches. Runoff is slow to medium, and the hazard of water eroision is slight to moderate. Most ares of this unit are used for rangeland. A few areas are used for irrigated croplan. Cropand is limited mainly to small areas of Minnequa soil. Hay and pastwe are the main irrigated crops. Small grians are also grown and small areas aze also used as vineyards and apple orchazds. The potential plan community on the Penrose soil is mainly sideoats grams, blue grams, Scribner needlegrass, Indian ricegrass, and scattered juniper. The aver annual production of air- dry vegetation is about 600 pounds per azcre. IF the condition of the range deteriorates, blue grams, sand dropseed, red threeawn, and undesirable forbs invade or increase. Range seeding is a suitable practice if the range vegetation is in poor condition. Some areas of Penrose soil neer Rock outcrop have many channery fragments on the surface and can be difficulat to reseed mechanically. The potential plant comminity on the Minnequa soil is manly blue grams, western wheatgrass, and winterfat. The average annual proudcution of air-dry vegetation is about 800 pounds per acre. If the condition of the range deteriorates, blue grams, pricklypeaz, broom _ snakeweed, and rod threeawn increase. Pewose soil is generally unsuitable for production of most crops because of shallow depths of bedrock. The Minnequa soil is limited by low availabel water capacity and moderate depths to bedrock. A few areas where thickness of the soil is greater than about 3 feet are suitable for production of most crops. The Minnequa soil is suitable for production of grapes and is used successfully to procude apples. Areas of Penrose soil can also be used for grape production. Irrigation water can be aplied by furrow, corrugations, drip system, sprinklers, or flooding from contouu ditches. Irrigation water needs to be applied at a rate that inswes optimum production without increaseing deep percolation, runoff, and erosion. All adapted pasture plants can be grown, but bunch-type species planted alone generally aze not suitab]e because of the hazard of erosion. Seedbed preperation should be on the contour or across the slop where practical. Proper grazing practices, week control, and fertilizer are needed to insure maximum quality of forage. The suitability of this until for homesite development depends on the depth to bedrock and steepness of slope at a specific site. The shallow Penrose soils often occur under scattered pinyon and juniper on breaks and ridges. The Penrose soils are poorly suited for use a homesites with basements and for use as conventional septic tank absorption fields because of the shallow depth to bedrock. In many areas the upper part of the bedrock can be excavated with a light backhoe. In these areas the Penrose soil is suitable for homes without basements. Depth to bedrock is a moderately limiting featwe for use of areas of Minnequa soil for homesites with basements.