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1999-04-08_REVISION - M1977208
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1999-04-08_REVISION - M1977208
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Last modified
6/16/2021 5:57:06 PM
Creation date
11/21/2007 11:07:18 PM
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Template:
DRMS Permit Index
Permit No
M1977208
IBM Index Class Name
Revision
Doc Date
4/8/1999
Doc Name
Samples for CKD
Type & Sequence
TR1
Media Type
D
Archive
No
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METHODS FOR EVALUATING SEEPAGE QUANTITIES AND IMPACT; 29t <br />coefficients that are JO mg(1 or higher, the contaminant is essentially im- <br />mobile in the aquifer. As noted previously, the distribution coefficient must <br />be used with extreme caution for pH-dependent contaminants. <br />Wilson and Miller (t4?S) provide a three-dimensional solution for contam- <br />inant transport of an instantaneously injected waste that accounts for disper- <br />sion and retardation ;object to the limitations described above; l <br />C ..... d1 ex r R,t j - (.r - vr)'- -Y` _)1 <br />c r • n = S(cr)}"(Dr Dy D,)" p ~ 4r ` D.r Dy D; <br />whel•e Ct~,~.r,,l =contaminant concentracon at location .r, y, and z and at <br />timer ..*e!ative to point of injection <br />,bf =mass of contaminant injected at point source <br />D~, D,, Dz =dispersion coefficients in x,y, and z directions <br />Rd =retardation coefficient <br />v =average groundwater velocity <br />Based on the restrictive assumptions that apply to analytical contaminant <br />transport equations, the need for numerical analyses is evident. <br />Numerical Methods <br />Numerical methods are required For calculations of several simultaneous or <br />interactive processes, such as changes in effluent contaminant concentration <br />resulting from dilution with aquifer pore water, changes in contaminant <br />volubility as a function of pH, and contaminant adsorption. Geometric com- <br />plexities also call for the use of numerical models, for example: complex <br />distribution of geologic unit;, impoundments that change significantly in size <br />and height over the disposal period, interactions with water supply wells, or <br />irregularly shaped flow boundaries, such as sinuous stream channels. Nu- <br />merical techniques are also required to model partially saturated flow in two <br />dimensions. •These models are used in cases where mill effluent seepage <br />contains highly toxic compounds that may persist in the subsurface and <br />contaminate existing or potential groundwater supply wells, or that may <br />emerge at surface discharge localities in springs or streams. <br />The literature contains several examples of numerical analyses of contam- <br />inant transport (see, for example, Pickens and Lennox, 1976; Konikow, <br />1477). However, there are few published examples where tailings impound- <br />ment design has been the purpose of cordncting a numerical contaminant <br />transport analysis. Those that do exist have thus far been limited to uranium <br />mill waste impoundments. These examples are discussed after a brief de- <br />scription of numerical analysis techniques. <br />Available Numerical Methods and Models <br />The theoretical basis for numerical modeling of groundwater flow has gradu- <br />,ally developed over the past''>0 yr. The parallel development and availabilirv <br />
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