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Fill elevation of the Soil Liner Fill or Synthetic Liner and the real-time elevation of the roving <br />unit. If the pre-placement topography is first adjusted by adding two feet to every grid point, <br />the readout would read "Cut 0.069 ft" if the Drain Cover Fill was being placed 2.069 feet above <br />the synthetic liner. <br />A characteristic time for a reading to be made is on the order of less than 10 seconds. That is, <br />once the roving unit is positioned and "leveled," in about 10 seconds or less the "Cut" or "Fill" <br />reading would stabilize. <br />In addition to the global positioning system operator person who follows along with the dozer, <br />CC&V will have the contractor's laborer and the CQA inspector as a team accompanying the <br />equipment that is pushing Drain Cover Fill material initially onto the liner. Thus, there are <br />three persons in addition to the equipment operator that will assist in achieving a proper <br />thickness as the Drain Cover Fill material is first pushed at or close to the two-foot thickness. <br />During stockpiling of Drain Cover Fill in an area on the liner or when building roads on the <br />liner, if the Drain Cover Fill thickness is three feet or greater, the CQA inspector and one <br />laborer will be present to ensure the three-foot minimum is observed and for prevention of <br />folding of synthetic liner wrinkles. The dozer equipment operator will not be allowed to push <br />material to a thickness less than 2.5 feet, as determined according to the physical markers, <br />unless the global positioning surveying equipment is working with the equipment or unless <br />manual survey equipment is operating with the equipment to produce adequate control <br />information. <br />The global positioning will not be required when the Drain Cover Fill is 2.5 feet or greater. <br />The manual depth markers and observers will control thickness when the thickness will be three <br />feet or greater, as was done in past construction seasons. <br />CC&V has also developed a criterion for illuminating the areas of the Phase II liner where <br />which Drain Cover Fill will be placed at the two-foot thickness during the second shift (night- <br />time) work. CC&V has discussed this subject with the Maxi-lite Company, suppliers of portable <br />light stations, and has determined the candle power of lights should be at least 3 foot candles (at <br />the synthetic liner) to provide adequate luminosity on the liner in the area of Drain Cover Fill <br />being actively pushed. This lighting will provide the OSHA recommended illumination for <br />general construction areas. <br />The single instance of Drain Cover Fill-placing equipment exposing and damaging the synthetic <br />liner in 1995 was one in which the contractor's procedure, which was a procedure that made less <br />use of pipe markers than in 1994, and much less use than scheduled for 1996, occurred at a <br />break in grade. No other such incident occurred in 1995. CC&V has addressed this potential <br />weakness in the monitoring by increasing the grid spacing to 50'x50', along with specific <br />markers at the breaks in slope, which effectively decreases the grid spacing around these areas. <br />Of course, the single incident in 1995 was identified and the adverse effects, where the dozer <br />scrapped down to the liner, mitigated. When the liner was exposed in the entire area of thinner- <br />7 <br />