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Review or Blasting Operations at Robinson Brick Company's Siloam Clay Mine <br /> Blasting researchers, over many years, have developed and verified the validity of using scaled <br /> relationships to predict vibration intensity at various distances. These relationships use scaling <br /> theory to define the relationship between ground vibration particle velocity, charge weight, and <br /> distance. Distance is scaled by the square root of charge weight to create a single dependent <br /> variable called scaled distance (SD). Various forms of this relationship are shown in Equation 2.1. <br /> ppv= K (SD)") and SD=YVr (Equation 2.1) <br /> Where: ppv= Peak Particle Velocity (in/sec) <br /> K and m = site attenuation constants <br /> SD = Scaled Distance(ft/Ib") <br /> D = Distance(ft) <br /> W = Maximum charge weight per delay(Ib) <br /> When plotted on log-log paper, data points defined by scaled distance and measured particle <br /> velocity generally fall between boundaries defined by Oriard (1972), as shown in Figure 2.3. The <br /> slope of plotted data (m) is usually around —1.6 and the K factor for predicting particle velocity in <br /> the upper limit of the normally confined charges 242. For cautious predictions, GEOTEK has <br /> used a K factor of 300 in all calculations for estimating particle velocities in the various analyses <br /> done in this report. <br /> GEOTEK&Associates, Inc. Page 7 January 99 <br />