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<br />CYANIDE 25
<br />
<br />Table 3. Continued.
<br />' Species, concentration,
<br />and other variables Effects References
<br />1
<br />
<br />
<br />1
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />1
<br />1
<br />
<br />Black crappie, Pomozis nigromaculatus
<br />60 Some deaths in <24 h
<br />101 LC50 (96 h) for juveniles
<br />Plainfin midshipman, Porichthys nofatus
<br />Isolated photophores Maximal luminescence induced by KCN;
<br />exposed to 2,600, as KCN effect inhibited by d-glucose,
<br />d-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, and
<br />3-phosphoglycerate
<br />Atlantic salmon, Salmo solar
<br />5.0 for 12 days, adult females
<br />10
<br />10, 80, or 100; newly
<br />fertilized eggs continually
<br />exposed for 5 months to end
<br />of sac-fry stage
<br />24
<br />73
<br />5,000, 10,000, 25,000, 50,000,
<br />or 125,000 for 30 min
<br />50,000 for 10, 15, 20, 25, or 30 min
<br />Brown trout, Salmo trutta
<br />90
<br />5,000, 10,000, 25,000, 50,000,
<br />75,000, or 100,000, as CN
<br />for 30 min
<br />50,000 for 10, 15, 20, or 25 min
<br />Decline in plasma and gonad vitellogenin levels
<br />Abnormal embryonic development
<br />after 58-day exposure
<br />Hatching delayed 6-9 days at 80 and 100 µg/L,.
<br />Hatching success reduced 15% to 40% at
<br />all test concentrations, but no measurable
<br />effects on growth or survival after
<br />hatching. Abnormalities (mostly defects
<br />of eye, mouth, vertebral column) were 6% at
<br />10 µg/L, and 19% at 100 µg/L
<br />LC50 (24 h) et dissolved oxygen of 3.5 mg/L
<br />LC50 (24 h) at dissolved oxygen of 10 mg/L
<br />Total cyanide residues in gills ranged from
<br />1.0 to 6.6 mg/kg fresh weight (FW)
<br />in adose-dependent manner
<br />Residues in gills, in mg total CN/kg FN',
<br />ranged from 1.3 (10 and 15 min)
<br />to 1.9 (15 and 20 min) to 4.5 (30 min)
<br />LC50(96 h)
<br />Residues in gills ranged in adose-dependent
<br />manner from 0.6 mg CN/kg FW in
<br />the 5 mg/L, group to 3.9 mg/kg FW in
<br />the 100 mg(L group
<br />Residues in tissues, in mg/kg FW, ranged from
<br />0.7 to 1.8 in gill, 0.6 to 2.3 in brain, and
<br />1.3 to 2.5 in liver; concentrations x•ere
<br />directly related to length of exposure
<br />Brook trout, Saluelinus (ontinalis
<br />- 5.0
<br />5.7-11.2
<br />10
<br />. 10.50
<br />.~ II
<br />1
<br />Reduction of 50% in swimming performance
<br />in 29-day exposure
<br />MATCs
<br />75 K reduction in swimming endurance after
<br />exposure for 26 min
<br />Swimming ability reduced 98c7o after exposure (or
<br />29 days
<br />Continuous exposure of mature females for 144
<br />days before spawning re.cuhed in 5046
<br />reduction in number of eggs produced and IS ro
<br />reducion in egg viability: however. 90 days
<br />after hatch trout were I R°/r. heavier and 10%
<br />longer than controls
<br />3
<br />8
<br />32
<br />23
<br />2
<br />29
<br />25
<br />25
<br />26
<br />26
<br />10
<br />26
<br />26
<br />13
<br />6,22
<br />2
<br />20
<br />13
<br />w
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