2006-07-31_REVISION - M1978327 (2)

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5. Spotted Knapweed -This weed is typically not found in riparian or wetland azeas. However, if this undesirable plant is detected the following control techniques can be applied, A. Cultural and Chemical Control - An herbicide application, using short residual herbicides can be used followed up by seeding the area with a competitive grass such as smooth brome or other sod forming species. B. Mechanical and Chemical Control -Mowing can be carried out throughout the season with the first and successive mowing cycles carried out at the bud stage. An herbicide treatment can then be made in the fall before a hard freeze. C. Mechanical Control Only -Mowing can be carried out throughout the season, which will reduce seed set. D. Chemical Control Only -Herbicide applications can be made to the knapweed during the bud stage and in the fall if necessary. 6. Dahnation Toadflax A. Mechanical and Chemical Control -Mowing can occur throughout the growing season in order to keep the plants from going to seed. Mowing should be terminated in late August followed by an herbicide treatment during late September through October, following a light frost and prior to a hazd frost. B. Cultural and Chemical Control - Use a short residual herbicide followed by a seeding with a competitive grass such as smooth brome or other sod forming species (natives preferred). C. Chemical Control Only - Herbicide applications (picloram (TordonO is recommended)) work best if applied in the fall after a light frost due to the thick cuticle of the plant. 7. Yellow Toadflax A. Mechanical and Chemical Control -Mowing can occur throughout the growing season in order to keep the plants from going to seed. Mowing should be terminated in late August followed by an herbicide treatment during late September through October, following a light frost and prior to a hazd frost. B. Cultural and Chemical Control - Use a short residual herbicide followed by a seeding with a competitive grass such as smooth brome or other sod fomung species (natives preferred). C. Chemical Control Only - Herbicide applications (picloram (Tordon® is recommended)) work best if applied in the fall after a light frost due to the thick cuficle of the plant. 8. Leafy Spurge A. Cultural and Chemical Control - An herbicide application, using short residual herbicides can be used followed up by seeding the azea with a competitive grass such as smooth brome, wheatgrasses or other sod forming species. B. Mechanical Control Only -Mowing can be carried out throughout the season, which will reduce seed set. However, mowing must be repeated every 14-21 days throughout the summer, starting before flowering stage. C. Chemical Control Only -Herbicide applications can be made to the spurge in the spring, eazly summer during the true flower stage and in the fall just before a hazd freeze if necessary.