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PN: 50663GE <br />November 20, 2006 <br />in some cases, surcharge loads on the retained soils. The loads imposed by the soil aze <br />commonly referred to as lateral earth pressures. The magnitude of the lateral earth pressure <br />forces is partially dependent on the soil strength characteristics, the geometry of the ground <br />surface adjacent to the retaining structure, the subsurface water conditions and on surcharge <br />loads. <br />The retaining structures may be designed using the values tabulated below. <br />Lateral Earth Pressure Values <br />Type of Lateral Earth Pressure Level Native Soil Backfill <br />( ounds er cubic foot/foot Level Granulaz Soil Backfill <br />ounds er cubic foot/foot) <br />Active 50 35 <br />At-rest 70 55 <br />Passive 310 460 <br />Allowable Coefficient of Friction 0.31 0.45 <br />The values tabulated above are for well drained backfill soils. The values provided above do not <br />include any forces due to adjacent surchazge loads or sloped soils. If the backfill soils become <br />saturated the imposed lateral earth pressures will be significantly higher than those tabulated <br />above. Please refer to Section 5.0 for additional forces that may need to be resolved by retaining <br />structures. <br />The retaining wall should be designed to resist forces associated with swelling of the soils used <br />as backfill adjacent to the retaining walls. <br />The granulaz imported soil backfill values tabulated above are appropriate for material with an <br />angle of internal friction of thirty-five (35) degrees, or greater. The granulaz backfill must be <br />placed within the retaining structure zone of influence as shown below in order for the lateral <br />earth pressure values tabulated above for the granulaz material to be appropriate. <br />]s TRAUTNER ~ <br />A DIVISION OF TRIGONH?IId <br />