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FLOW
<br />BACKFILL
<br />MATERIAL
<br />BALES MUST BE TIGHTLY
<br />_E WIDTH ABUTTING WITH NO GAPS
<br />1. EXCAVATE THE TRENCH
<br />J BACKFILL AND COMPACT EXCAVATED SOIL
<br />INSTALLATION OF STRAW BALES
<br />STAKED AND ENTRENCHED
<br />50 /B. (APPROX)srRAW HALE X 2' STAKE
<br />COMPACTED SOIL XI_
<br />TO PREVENT PIPING
<br />I TWINE /WIRE
<br />SEDIMENT LADEN RUNOFF
<br />FIL TER£D SEEPAGE
<br />a
<br />1 " X 2" STAKE
<br />WEDGE LOOS STRAW
<br />BETWEEN BALES
<br />TWINE/WIRE
<br />2 PLACE AND STAKE S7R4W BALES
<br />CROSS- SECTION OF A PROPERLY INSTALLED STRAW BALE
<br />LINE BALES TO PREVENT GAPS
<br />BALES MUST BE TIGHTLY ONE OR MORE BALES IN CHANNEL
<br />ABUTTING WITH NO GAPS BED TIGHTLY ABUTTING EACH OTHER
<br />AL TERM TN£ LOCATION OF
<br />FLOW LINE BALE
<br />- -J
<br />FLOP
<br />L I J
<br />PLACE DOWN STREAM BALES SUCH
<br />THAT POINT 'B' IS APPROXIMATELY
<br />LEVEL WITH THE LOWEST GROUND
<br />ELEVATION OF THE UPSTREAM BALE
<br />WHERE POSSIBLE. WHEN THIS IS
<br />NOT POSSIBLE INSTALL PER THE
<br />PROJECT SPECIFIC PLANS OR
<br />AS DIRECTED BY THE ENGINEER.
<br />JCSTRAW BALE CHECK STRUCTURE FOR
<br />WIDE DRAINAGE SWALES
<br />o��/o 'till 0
<br />N
<br />STEEL OR WOOD
<br />ATTACHED TO FA.
<br />O
<br />PREFABRICATED MATERIAL
<br />ATTACHED TO STEEL OR
<br />WOOD POSTS
<br />BACKFILL TRENCH
<br />?RIC MATERIAL ANCHORED
<br />TRENCH
<br />COMPACTED BACKFILL
<br />RUNOFF
<br />INSTALLING A PREFABRICATED SILT FENCE
<br />4-X 4 " TRENCH
<br />A, SEDIMENT FROM CONSTRUCTION TRAFFIC
<br />I- ENTRY INTO, AND EXIT FROM THE SITE BY ALL VEHICLES SHALL BE THROUGH
<br />CONSTRUCTION
<br />LONG(MIN) TAND 20GFEET WIDE (MIN.) CONSISTING
<br />WIITH AFTHICKN£SS OF ATKLEAST56' SEE DETAIL
<br />2. CRUSHED ROCK SHALL BE 1 112 INCHES OR LARGER.
<br />3. THE CRUSHED ROCK STAGING AREA SHALL BE IN PLACE WITHIN ONE WEEK
<br />AFTER OVERLOT GRADING COMMENCES.
<br />I-
<br />LAKGER R
<br />�fP
<br />J
<br />J0�
<br />P
<br />C USH£O ROCK
<br />A CRUSHED ROCK CONSTRUCTION STAGING PAD
<br />PIPE OUTLET PROTECTION
<br />£
<br />LJ_J
<br />OUTLET STRAW BALE BARRIER
<br />ROCK CHECK DAM
<br />Seeding
<br />Planting of temporary or permanent vegetation on all disturbed
<br />area.
<br />1. Application
<br />Disturbed areas not designated for immediate construction or
<br />Permanent landscaping shall be temporarily revegetated. In the
<br />event construction octivily ceases for a Period of sixty (60)
<br />calendar days, disturbed areas including cut and All slopes
<br />Shoff be revegetated with on annual and perennial seed mixture
<br />as indicated on the Erosion Control Plan.
<br />11• Slte Seed Mixture
<br />15X Annual Rye Gross
<br />25X Perennial Rye Grass
<br />12X Nordon Crested Wheotgross
<br />12X Fairway Crested Wheatgross
<br />12X Blue Grommo
<br />12X Red Fescue
<br />12X Buffalo Cross
<br />A minimum of 5 /bs /acre shall be used and planted using drill
<br />seeding methods and 10 !bs /acre when using a broadcast method.
<br />111, Construction Guidelines
<br />Seed/ng in areas that are unirrigated or that are not provided
<br />with spnnkl%ng or watering systems, shall be restricted to the
<br />seasons described in Table S -1.
<br />TABLE S -1
<br />SEEDING .SEASONS
<br />Belo. 6000'
<br />Spring 'haw
<br />- June 151h
<br />Sept. rst
<br />- Consistent ground freeze
<br />'
<br />Spring thow
<br />- Juy 1st
<br />Aug. 151h
<br />- Consistent ground freeze
<br />'
<br />!,:Lwow
<br />Spring thaw -
<br />Juy 15th
<br />1 Aug. st -
<br />Consistent ground freeze
<br />Spring thaw
<br />(starts)
<br />Consistent ground freeze (ends)
<br />For the purpose of Table S -'in "spring thaw' is the earl %gist date
<br />when seed con be boned 1/2 ch into the Soil through normal
<br />lotest�eding when seed 170nsisfent ground freeze- is that
<br />through normal dn71 no longer be boned 112 into the sal
<br />During permanent seeding. apply topsoil prior to applying seed.
<br />When use of fertilizers and herbicides is required, apply
<br />according to the manufacturer's recommended rates.
<br />All seeding operations shall be performed at right angles to the
<br />ape.
<br />Mon needed to improve germination of seedx apply mulching
<br />immediately after seed" , r Use sal retention blankets on steep
<br />slopes (2:1 and steepeSome locations with 3.•1 slopes facing
<br />south or west or 20 feet or more high may also require soil
<br />retention blankets.
<br />Seeded areas shall be inspected frequently. Areas with /allures
<br />shall be repaired and reseeded within the
<br />panting season,
<br />Mulching
<br />Application of plant residues or other suitable material to the
<br />say surface• Typico/ mulching material includes strove hay,
<br />and wood cellulose fiber.
<br />L Application
<br />Used to provide temporary protection for exposed soils against
<br />erosion where temporary or permanent seeding operations are not
<br />feasible, especially during adverse growing seasons.
<br />Used as part of seeding practices to protect newt' seeded areas.
<br />Used to protect soil stockpiles.
<br />lL Use Limitations
<br />Use only On disturbed areas as a temporary cover.
<br />Hydraulic mulching with wood cellulose fibers shall be limited
<br />to slopes steeper than .1-1 or where access is limited.
<br />//1. Construction Guidelines
<br />Material
<br />Hay shalt consist of native grosses free of noxious weed seeds.
<br />Straw shall consist of dean cereal grain.
<br />Wood cellulose fiber Shot/ consist of virgin wood cellulose
<br />Processed into o uniform fibrous physical state. Tockifiors (for
<br />anchoring) shall consist of a free tiow, Ing non- corrosive powder
<br />Produced /ram the natural plant gum of P/antogo /nsubns
<br />(Desert /ndianwheat). This material yap not contain any
<br />mineral filler, recycled cellulose Tibor clays, or other
<br />substances which may irthbt germination or growth of plants.
<br />Spreading Procedure Hay and straw mulch shall be Spread at a
<br />rate of two tons per acre.
<br />At a minimum, 50% of the mulch, by weight. shall be 10 inches or
<br />more than two inches.
<br />Applied mulch shall reach a uniform distribution so that no more
<br />than 10% of the sal surface shall be exposed.
<br />Hay and straw mulch shall be anchored to the sad surface using
<br />Tackirers, blankets, or nets, or with o mulch crimping
<br />machine.. Mechanical anchoring is preferred and recommended for
<br />Slopes ratter than 3:1. When using blankets or nets these may
<br />need to be anchored to the sail with stapes or as required by
<br />the manufacturer's specifications.
<br />Wood cellulose fiber mulch shot be mixed with rater (maximum 50
<br />lbs. of wood cellulose per 100 gallons of water) and a
<br />lock %tying agent. ApprICOGon shalt be at a rate of 1500 pounds
<br />Per acre with a hydraulic seeder or mulches
<br />Tockifiers (for anchori ) shall be applied in a Slurry with
<br />water and wood fber�100 /bs, of powder and 150 lbs. of Aber
<br />per 700 gallons of water) Application rote of the powder shall
<br />be 100 lbs. per acre.
<br />Erosion o_ n Bole
<br />A temporary sediment barrier consisting of a row of entrenched
<br />and anchored straw, or hay bales,
<br />L APPlkation
<br />Use as filters along the toe of r! /s,
<br />Use os erosion checks in ditches.
<br />Use for diversions and raters in unrinished drop inlets,
<br />culvert inlets, and outlets.
<br />A Use Limitations
<br />UJ
<br />l
<br />If a After barrier is to be constructed across a ditch line or
<br />Do not use if size Of the drainage area is greater than 114 acre
<br />Per 100 feet of barrier length.
<br />Swale. barrier /I
<br />end flotw,eand the plan! configurationeohOy
<br />rresemble an arc or
<br />horseshoe with the ends oriented upslope.
<br />Maximum slope length behind the barrier is 100 feet,
<br />When joints are necessary, filter
<br />Maximum slope gradient behind the burner is 50x.
<br />cloth Sall/ be spliced
<br />together only of a support post, with o minimum 6 -inch overlap,
<br />and securely sealed.
<br />In minor swoles or ditch lines where the maximum contributing
<br />drainage area is no greater than one acre.
<br />When standard strength filter fabric is used, a wire mesh
<br />Where effectiveness is required for less than 3 months.
<br />support fence shall be fastened securely to the upslope side of
<br />using heavy duty wire staples at least 314 inch long,
<br />the
<br />Under no circumstances should erosion bale barriers be
<br />wires
<br />minimum of Z nch rings. and shall not shall
<br />xtend more than 36 inches
<br />constructed in active slreams or in swoles where there is tbe
<br />above the original ground surface.
<br />Possibility of a washout.
<br />Should be used only in areas of sheet row or very low row,
<br />When extra strength fi /ter fabric and closer post s
<br />used, the wire mesh support fence Po paring are
<br />a !n such o
<br />Not to be used where the control of sediment is critical or in
<br />case, the rater fabric is st pled or w it'd directly tot he
<br />Posts with oil other provisions of the above item applying
<br />high risk areas.
<br />Not to be used where it cannot be entrenched
<br />Sf /t fences shall be penodicdlt' maintained to prevent sediment
<br />from PasSlng over or under the fence. Sediments shall be
<br />as
<br />firmly anchored. Useful life of erosion bale barriers uired and
<br />removed from behind the sift fence when it accumulates to
<br />relatively short; the barrier may have to be replaced one or
<br />one -half the exposed fabric height
<br />more times during construction.
<br />Construction Guidelines
<br />Filler barriers shall be removed when they have served their
<br />useful purpose, but not before the upslope has
<br />LO
<br />area been
<br />permanently stabilized.
<br />All bales shall be either woe -bound or string -tied. Erosion
<br />bales shall be installed so that bindings are
<br />Sheet now APW'catTwrs
<br />oriented around
<br />the sides rather than along the tops and bottoms of the bales
<br />(in order to prevent deterioration of bindings).
<br />The height of the Silt fence shall be minimum 22 inches and
<br />The barrier shall be entrenched and bockrIW.
<br />Sall/ not exceed 36 inches; higher fences may impound volumes of
<br />water sufficient to cause &7u;; o! the structure.
<br />A trench shall
<br />e excavated the width of o bole and the length of the proposed
<br />barrier to a minimum
<br />Posts shot/ be
<br />depth of 4 inches. After the bales are
<br />stoked, the excavated sod shot/ be bockAf/ed
<br />strength After fobrc�ithout theuwrelSu0 feet apart• extra
<br />fence
<br />against the
<br />barrier. Backr /1 soil shall conform to the ground level on the
<br />is used,
<br />u d,
<br />maximum t.
<br />�°re she // net exceed 6 legit.
<br />downhill side and shall be built up to 4 inches against the
<br />uphill side of the barrier.
<br />Channel Flow Applications
<br />Applications
<br />w o
<br />Each base shall be securely anchored by of least two 2-X2'
<br />stokes or 14 rebars driven
<br />The height of the sill fence shall be a minimum of 15 inches and
<br />shall not exceed 18
<br />toward the
<br />force the bales together. Stokes or rebors laShay laid bole to
<br />,aches•
<br />inches minimum into the ground to securely anchor driven
<br />posts shall be spaced a maximum of 3 legit apart.
<br />The gaps between bales shah be sled by wedging with strow to
<br />prevent water from escaping between the
<br />Rock Check Dom
<br />boles. The main
<br />cansideratlon is to obtain tight joints. Erosion bales will not
<br />filter sediment
<br />small ter O1Y dams constructed across a swo% or drainage ditch.
<br />out of the water if the water is allowed to row
<br />between, around, or under the bales. Loose straw or hay
<br />/• APPlicotion
<br />scattered over the area Immediately uphill from on erosion bale
<br />barrier fends fo increase barrier efficiency.
<br />Check dams reduce the velocity of concentrated stormwater rows in
<br />Since erosion bales deteriorate quick the ins
<br />srro/kr channels and temporary $wales. thereby reducing erosion of
<br />the Swale or ditch, and slow water velocity to allow sediment capture.
<br />construction sholl be frequent and repair or replacement
<br />be made promptly as needed. P ocement she!!
<br />If Use Limitations
<br />Erosion bales shall be removed when they have served their
<br />usefulness, but not before
<br />Check dams should not be used in live streams. Do not install in
<br />channels which have
<br />the upslope areas have been
<br />permanently stabilized.
<br />already been lined or vegetated_
<br />Trenches where erosion bales were located shall be graded and
<br />stabilized.
<br />Materials
<br />Rock check dams shall be constructed of approximately sized rock of
<br />Sheet now AWIcations
<br />D50 equal to 8 -12' minimum.
<br />Bales shall be placed in a single row, lengthwise on the contour
<br />with ends of O¢ boles
<br />Installation
<br />tightly °butting.
<br />Channel now Applications
<br />The maximum spocing between the dams Shay be such that the toe of
<br />the upstream dam Is of the Some
<br />elevation as the top of the downstream dam.
<br />Boles sho// be placed in a single row, lengthwise, oriented
<br />Perpendicular to the
<br />to form dam to be achieve bcomplete or rnechamcal p!°cemmt (no dumping o/ rock
<br />contour, with ends of odjocent bales
<br />lightly abutting one another,
<br />that center of the do rS wer cov6rOge t he the dime or swu /Seri
<br />tin
<br />The harrier be
<br />must bensure large
<br />to stay in place given the expected design row through the channel.
<br />ball/ extended to such o length that the bottoms
<br />to the end babes ore higher in elevation than the top of the
<br />rawest
<br />the the case of groSs -lined ditches and swoles check dams shall be
<br />the
<br />middle bole to assure that sediment -laden runoff will
<br />row either through or
<br />removed when
<br />grass has matured sufficient to
<br />of the Swale is greater than 4 sufficiently protect the ditch or sro% unless the slope
<br />rho
<br />over the barrier but not around it. Silt
<br />Fence
<br />Percent. area beneath the check dams shelf be
<br />seeded and mulched immediately
<br />after dam removal.
<br />Siff Fence
<br />Rock Pro l fie
<br />A temporary vertical barrier of filter fabric attached and
<br />supported by posts and entrenched to the ground.
<br />Rock used for rip -rap or wire enclosed np_rop should be hard,
<br />I. Application -
<br />durable, angular in shape, and free from cracks overburden,
<br />shale, and organic matter. Neither breadth nor thickness
<br />Used to intercept and detain small amounts of sediment from
<br />o! a
<br />single stone should be less than 1/3 its length and rounded
<br />stone should be Ovoided•The rock
<br />disturbed areas during construction operations to prevent
<br />sediment from leaving the site.
<br />should sustain a loss of not
<br />more than 40 percent after 500 revolutions )7 a abrasio n test
<br />(Los Angeles machine
<br />Used to decrease the velocity of sheet rows low
<br />-ASTM C- 535-69 and
<br />)
<br />of not more than 10 should sustain a loss
<br />Percent after 12 cycles of lreez% and
<br />thawing (AASHTO test 103
<br />and -to- moderate
<br />Level channel rows.
<br />for led
<br />hoeing a minimums rock procedure A). Rock
<br />Typically used along the toe of rills in transition
<br />however, in no case shellcrock�jyp�,ef p Is preferred;
<br />than 2.50, speoge gravity of less
<br />areas
<br />between cut and rills, adjacent to streams and along private
<br />property,
<br />Bi2ccmcn f
<br />Also used around median and yard inlets Os applicable, and
<br />behind curb and utter to
<br />9 prevent Silt %rig o/ the pavement
<br />Contractor to over- excavate su rode under n
<br />inches. Place M/RAFI rip-rap o depth o/ 6
<br />SOOX Ceotextile
<br />lL Use Limitations
<br />/obrk over excavated
<br />subgrode. Place 6 inches of topsoil moteriol over lobrk and
<br />rip -rap over topsa7.
<br />Where the Size of the drainage areas is no more than 114 acre
<br />Per 100 feet of silt fence length; the maximum slope length
<br />behind
<br />Gradiatlon of Rio -Roo
<br />the barrier is 100 feet; and the maximum gradient behind
<br />the barrier is 50% (21).
<br />Percent Smaller Than Intermediate Rock
<br />Civet eInches)
<br />9•ze by Weight Dimension
<br />d� (Inches)
<br />On steep slopes care should be given to placing alignment of
<br />fence perpendicular
<br />70 -100 12
<br />to the general direction of the tlow.
<br />keying in
<br />50-70 9 6�'
<br />the rifer fabric.
<br />Should
<br />35 -�50
<br />not be used in areas where roc ky soils will prevent
<br />02 -10 6
<br />411• Construction Guidelines
<br />2
<br />Materials
<br />70-100
<br />70-100 15
<br />The synthetic filter fabric shall conform fo the r
<br />require
<br />described in COOTS
<br />12 9•+
<br />35 -50 9
<br />02 -10 3
<br />Standard 5
<br />Construction. Pecifecations� for Road and Bridge
<br />70-100 21
<br />The Synthetic filter fabric shall contain ultraviolet
<br />et ray
<br />0-70 18 /2
<br />inhibitors and stabilizers to provide a minirmurrl of 6 months
<br />J5-50 /2
<br />of
<br />expected usable construction life of a temperature range of 0 to
<br />120 degrees F.
<br />02 -10 4
<br />If o burlap is used, if shall be purchased in a continuous roll
<br />and cut to the length of the barrier to
<br />100 30
<br />50 -70 24 18
<br />avoid than use of joints
<br />and thus improve the strength and efficiency of the barrier.
<br />35 -50 /8
<br />02 -10
<br />Posts for silt fences Shat/ be metal or hardwood with a minimum
<br />length of 42 inches. Pine
<br />s
<br />100
<br />wood shall not be used. Wood
<br />Shay have a minimum diameter or cross section 1.25
<br />42
<br />-70 11
<br />of inches.$
<br />Metal posts shall be studded tee' or U' Hype with m %nimum
<br />weight of 1.33 /bs/lin. N.,
<br />14
<br />J5 -50 24
<br />and they shall bee protected against
<br />corrosion. Metal posts should also have
<br />02 -10 9
<br />projections for
<br />fastening wire to them.
<br />•d50 = MEAN PARTXLE SIZE
<br />Wire fence reinforcement for sift fences using standard strength
<br />filter cloth shall be a
<br />�r BURY WrF" NATNE TOP SAIL AND REV£GETATE TO PROTECT FROM VANDAL/Sy.
<br />minimum of 42 inches in height, a
<br />minimum of 14 gouge and shall have a maximum
<br />Maintenance
<br />inches. in spacing of 6
<br />Installation
<br />The Contractor shall be solely responsible for monitoring and maintenance of the
<br />erosion control facilities
<br />on a daily basis,
<br />Silt fences must be located along o terrain contour and the area
<br />below the fence must be undisturbed or stotbRized.
<br />The posts shall be driven vertically into the eground too
<br />minimum depth of 18 inches,
<br />i
<br />A trench shall be excavated approximately 6 inches wide and 6
<br />inches
<br />( �'t ( p�
<br />deep along the line of posts and upsilope from the
<br />barrier, the bottom
<br />9--
<br />one foot of the nter lobwk shall be
<br />buried into this trench.
<br />Received
<br />The trench shall be bockTeld and the sot/ courlpacted.
<br />The rater materials shall be fastened securely, to metal or wood
<br />posts using wire ties,
<br />JUL 1 3 20Qy
<br />or to the wood posts with 314 inches fang
<br />19 heavy duty staples. Filter mater;°/ shall mot be stapled to
<br />existing trees. =
<br />Durango Field Ofbrx
<br />p'Nislon of ,Ainerals & (;DOI091
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