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NELSON PIT WEED CONTROL PLAN <br />Introduction <br />This document addresses issues related to weed control at the Nelson aggregate mining <br />site operated by Lafarge West, Inc. Weed control is an issue associated with lands in all stages of <br />the mining process including lands occurring within the permit area that will not be mined, lands <br />that have not yet been mined, disturbed aeeas that are not yet reclaimed or are part of the <br />operations site, and lands that have been reclaimed. Each of these areas poses different situations <br />relative to weed control. The areas that will not be mined contain primarily perennial weed <br />species that became established on the site during the years when agricultural was the main land <br />use. The primary approach for controlling these weeds will be application of herbicides. Areas <br />within the permit area that have not yet been mined contain weed species comparable to areas that <br />will not be mined, however, weeds in these areas will be best controlled by mowing rather than <br />by herbicide application. Disturbed areas that have not yet been permanently reclaimed such as <br />roadsides, operations areas, product stockpiles and topsoil stockpiles may support a variety of <br />weed species. Control of weeds on these sites will be accomplished using a variety of techniques <br />including mowing, application of herbicides, temporary seeding and timely turnover of products. <br />Reclaimed areas may also support a variety of weed species. Weeds on these areas will be <br />controlled with mowing, application of herbicides, burning, if feasible or combinations of the <br />above treatments. Descriptions of these weed control approaches are included in a later <br />discussion. <br />Weed Species of Couceru <br />Typically, the weed species of concern include some or all the following annual and <br />perennial species: <br />Scienti5c Name Common Name Dis Staffs nal Growth Form <br />Cirsium arvense Canada Thistle Introduced Perennial Forb <br />Cardaria drabs White Top Introduced Perennial Forb <br />Lepidium latifolium Perennial Peppergrass Introduced Perennial Forb <br />Convolvulus arvensis Field Bindweed Introduced Perennial Forb <br />Centaurea diffuse Diffuse Knapweed Introduced Annual Forb <br />Bromus tectorum Cheatgrass Introduced Annual Grass <br />Carduus nutans Nodding Bristle Thistle Introduced Biennial Forb <br />Sisymbrium altissimum Tumbling Hedge Mustard Introduced Annual Forb <br />Descurainia spp. Tansy Mustards Introduced Annual Forb <br />Yerbascum thapsus Common Mullein Introduced Biennial Forb <br />All of these species are adapted to disturbed conditions such as those that occur on <br />mining sites or agricultural lands. All of these species were introduced into the region at various <br />times beginning in the late 1800's and have expanded into a variety of habitats. <br />At the Nelson Pit, the primary species of concern is Diffuse Knapweed. <br />