Laserfiche WebLink
result of seepage. All of the seepage, with the exception of No. <br />14 in Apache Canyon and springs in Santistevan Canyon, come from <br />seepage from coal or interfaces between coal and shale or <br />sandstone. No. 14 in Apache Canyon is a developed spring, while <br />Santistevan Canyon springs originate from sandstone and loose <br />sandy material. Santistevan Canyon has at least three springs <br />whose access for sampling was restricted. WFC monitored the <br />flows and water quality at the flume location in lower <br />Santistevan Canyon. The conductivity of the seeps (352 to 1112 <br />umhos) suggest a mineralized condition. This is based on a <br />comparison of the conductivities measured in the Middle Fork of <br />the Purgatoire which are about 200 to 300 umhos. The surface <br />water in the Middle Fork is from runoff while water in contact <br />with the coal and shale accumulate minerals and increase the <br />specific conductance. <br />The fact that the seeps identified originated from coal <br />• and shale is logical because the sandstone in the area are <br />generally impermeable. The coal seams which produce seepage are <br />not the seams mined by WFC. These seams are upper coal seams <br />that crop at elevations between 7200 and 7800 feet. It is <br />impossible to correlate these seams from canyon to canyon; <br />however, one can be relatively confident that seepage will occur <br />at these elevations within the one mile study area. <br />The primary use of these springs or seeps is either <br />livestock or wildlife watering. Parras Canyon and Santistevan <br />Canyon appear to flow at least in part to springs or seepage. <br />No seeps or springs encountered are used for irrigation or <br />domestic water supplies. <br />Springs and Seep Monitoring <br />The results of monitoring at the spring and seep <br />• locations is presented in Exhibit 10, Annual Hydrologic <br />Monitoring Report. <br />2.04-20 (Revised 09/01/89) <br />