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2. Where unsuitable shale and clay strata are encountered in the reduced fiighwall or upper three <br />feet of final graded spoil, an intensive deep ripping or chiseling program will be initiated. The <br />majoc advantages of deep ripping are related to the physical properties of the soil. Soils are <br />ripped to decrease compaction, increase aeration and water movement, and increase plant rooting <br />depths (Redente and Hargis, 1985; Josiah, 19861. <br />3. Final graded areas having unsuitable active or potential acidity will be neutralized with <br />amendments or covered with a minimum of four feet suitable root growth medium, including soil. <br />4. If none of the above procedures satisfactorily mitigate a certain problem, the Division will be <br />notified and recommended actions will then be implemented. <br />Peabody will maintain records of the sampling results for each logical reclamation unit. These records <br />wiN be kepi on file aT the mine site or Division office and will be reported within the annual reclamation <br />report- <br />This sampling program will ensure that the top four feet of replaced topsoil and final graded spoil is <br />non-toxic and chemically/physically suitable to enhance plant growth. <br />Compactibility and Erodibiliry. Determining the compaction potential of disturbed overburden is <br />important to assess postmine spo'0 condition including: hydraulic conductivity, revegetation success, <br />landscape stability, and equipment 2rafficability, Generally, stability andlor compaction problems are <br />related to soils high in shrink/swell clays, soils with large proportions of sand and clay (sandy clay <br />textures, and soils with approximately equal proportions of sand, sift, and clay size particle fractions <br />(Arnold and Dollhopf, 19771. These three conditions are not highly desirable since a high shrink/swell <br />clay content in postmine landscapes causes poor stability and low permeability conditions, a sandy clay <br />textured soil develops surface crusting problems, and an equal particle size distribution causes <br />excessive compacYron which results in restricted water movement and root growth. <br />The first two considerations listed above are among those used for establishing the grading system for <br />texture. Spoils grading poor in texture are discussed within the previous subsection of this tab and in <br />the Mixing and Mitigation of Unsuitable Material section of Tab 6. Many of the 31 overburden sample <br />intervals that were identified as having unsuitable clay contents (Tab 6, Appendix 6-5s will be blended <br />and diluted to <br /> <br />5 Revised 4/24/91 <br />