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M98168GE • APPENDIX C GENERAL GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING CONSIDERATIONS C1.0 INTRODUCTION Appendix C presents general geotechnical engineering considerations for design and construction of structures which will be in contact with soils. The discussion presented in this appendix are referred to in the text of the report and are intended as tutorial and supple- mental information to the appropriate sections of the text of the report. C2.0 FOUNDATION RECOMMENDATIONS Two criteria for any foundation which must be satisfied for Satisfactory foundation performance are: . contact stresses must be low enough to preclude shear failure of the foundation soils which would result in lateral movement of the soils from beneath the foundation, and . settlement or heave of the foundation must be within amounts tolerable to the superstructure. The soils encountered during our field study have varying engineer- ing characteristics that may influence the design and construction considerations of the foundations. The characteristics include swell potential, settlement potential, bearing capacity and the bearing conditions of the soils supporting the foundations. The general discussion below is intended to increase the readers familiarity with characteristics that can influence any structure. C2.1 Swell Potential Some of the materials encountered during our field study at the anticipated foundation depth may have swell potential. Swell potential is the tendency of the soil to increase in volume when it becomes wetted. The volume change occurs as moisture is absorbed into the soil and water molecules become attached to or adsorbed by the individual clay platlets. Associated with the process of volume change is swell pressure. The swell pressure is the force the soil C1 ~tamberr ana ~.s.sociateo CONWLTINO OlOTlCNNN:~L lNO1N!!p ENO Y~TlIII~L Tl7 T,M0