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composition of the mix in favor of native species chile still maximizing the potential for • <br />effectiveness. <br />Seed Mix No. 4 (Table 13-4) is a list of annual grains which will be used for cover <br />cropping in reclaimed areas, or as vegetative stabilization for areas needing protection <br />for approximately one year or less, Barley, oats, or winter cheat will be used depending <br />on the season in which seeding will be done. Cover cropping may be done alone (at times <br />other than the normal fall planting period) or simultaneously with fall planting. <br />Competition with perennial species will not be a problem because of the relatively lou <br />seeding rates used (normal crop production seeding rates for annual grains are 50 to 60 <br />pounds per acre) and the annual rainfall received at the Seneca Mine. The use of an <br />annual grain will also compliment the permanent mix. Within the permanent mix are species <br />that have different rates of establishment and longevity. As an example, slender <br />wheatgrass is one of the earliest establishing perennial gr•3sses, but is not as long-lived <br />as later establishing perennial species. The annual grains establish faster than the <br />perennial species, including slender uheatgras s, and help to develop an effective cover <br />more rapidly. Establishing perennial species will have replaced most or all annual grains <br />by the next growing season. This is supported by annual observations of seeded areas. <br />lime of seeding will determine which species is used. winter wheat seeded in the late <br />spring or barley or oats seeded in the summer or early fall will fail to mature a grain <br />crop, and thus reduce volunteering. Cover crops have been used effectively for a number <br />of years at the Seneca II Mine. <br />TABLE 13-4 <br />Seed Mix No. 4 - Lover Crop <br />Drill Rat e~ <br />P.L.S. <br />S ep cies___ ____ lbsLACre <br />), Hordeum vulgare Sixrow barley 20 <br />2. Triticum aestivum Winter wheat 20 <br />3. Avena saliva Oats 20 <br />.Broadcast rate is double the drill seeding rate <br />In order to consider all shrub establishment technologies., concentrated seeding of shrubs • <br />13-2D Revised 01/15/93 <br />