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<br />,. _ , ti..:.f'~..,~:~::.` ' Enna m
<br />RIO 01;,\ND}: COUNTY AREA, COLOR.\DD
<br />the invasion of the site be ;uurual +ceerls, 1'oxta~l Carley,
<br />and cal>bitfuot ~n•ass anrl•;l strong! increase in a ire rush
<br />and iris:
<br />R'ildlifc'
<br />The quality and quantity of the :n;rilahle u'ilrllife
<br />habitat target>' determine the I:inds of ++'ildlifc that are
<br />present. The soil Innyirles fund, coyer, :uul +y;iler inhere
<br />+yilrllife con find places to feed, breed, rear yolni;:.:utrl
<br />escape enemies. 11'hile soils ore llie Ir;isis Cnr habitat
<br />and for a dicersih of habitat tope, t++n additional fnc-
<br />tms that greatly influence +yildlife populations in the
<br />1',io Gi:utde Cnunh' Area :u•c Innrl use or nuuragement
<br />and +yater. The kinds ;uul numbers of ++'ildlife nn land
<br />used for potato production differ significanth from the
<br />t+•ildlife nn land users for barley nr r:urge.
<br />1'he avnilabilit}' of +yater for irrigation has per-
<br />mitted land use changes that hove grentlc affected the
<br />kinds and numbers of wildlife. Irrigation has changed
<br />substantial acreages from range to field crops, for ex-
<br />ample, potatoes, b;u'ley, and hop. 'the introrluctimr of
<br />grain, and to n lesser extent image crops. has resulted
<br />in :ut excellent pnlnrLtLiun uC waterfou'I in the surce}'
<br />area and a Glir population of lrheas:nrts.
<br />Tnhles :. and ~I shn++' the suitability nl' the carious
<br />soils in the Pin Grande Counts Area to prm ide the hab-
<br />itat elements necessary for snriuus kinds of +cilrllife.
<br />Soils directly influence the kind and anuumt of yr~~e-
<br />tation and the amount of water available, :aid in this
<br />ugly influence the I:inrls of n~ildlife lhaL c:m line in an
<br />area. Soil hroperties that a(icct the grnlcth of ++ilrllife
<br />habitat ore tltlCkneSS Of snjl useful to crops, texture of
<br />the surface l:r~er, available +ynter ral+acit>. ~+etness,
<br />surface stoniness or rockiness, flnnrl hnrard, slope, and
<br />permeabtlits of the soil to xir ;tad water.
<br />In table ;, nonirrigated soils :u e rated for producing
<br />seven element, of +yildlife habitat and four groups or
<br />kinds of ++ildlil'e. Table I rates irrigated sail, lnr pr~-
<br />ducing four element; of +yildlife habitat :uul t++~o kinds
<br />of ++ildlife.'fhe ratings inrlicnte rclalite suiLlhilits for
<br />t•vinus elements and ore espresserl as fnlln+cs.
<br />A ratinga of !land means that habitat is easily im-
<br />prnved, maintained, or created. Thero ,u e fe++' m no
<br />soil limitations iu m;uutgement. ;tad sati.el'actory re-
<br />sults can he expected.
<br />A rating of ~u~r me;urs Lhat h;ibitnt ran I,e imps aced,
<br />maintained. nr created, hot mrnlernte soil limitations
<br />ntfect m:uulgement nr devclnpnrent. A mndrr;de inten-
<br />sity of manngmment ;end fairly frequent attention may
<br />be required to imnre s:ltisl'aclnry results.
<br />A t'nting of Jrnnr means that h;tbitnt can he im-
<br />proved, nuriniainal. of created, but soil limitations are
<br />severe. D'i;mn~~erorut can he rlillicult ;nirl expeusiye and
<br />require intensive effort. Penults are questionable.
<br />A rating of rrr7J ytna means that under the prevail-
<br />ing soil COnlltinlls, It is impractical to nLlempt to im-
<br />prove, maintain, m' create habitats. Iins;ili.efaetory re-
<br />sults ;n'e prnb;ible.
<br />Each soil is rnterl accordingr tr. its suitability for pro-
<br />ducin;,~ various kinds of plants and other elements that
<br />" I'.1.1116 W. \71'tiTAIlU, SCa tr Linl~+};ist, Snil ('on xr roalinn Sr•rv-
<br />icc, hetpcd prepare this srction.
<br />
<br />l
<br />~:i
<br />k 4,
<br />make up +yildlife habitat. The ratio
<br />the characteristics of the soils vul
<br />cal factors of the environment. TI
<br />accomtt the present use of soils or t
<br />tion of +cildlife and people. For this
<br />n site fot• development of a habitat
<br />at the site.
<br />Crain and seed crops are anm
<br />plants, such as barley and oats.
<br />Domestic grrtsses rtnd lrpun+es a
<br />and legumes that ore establishe
<br />provide food and cover (or tcilrili
<br />+yheatgt<ass, meado+y foxtatl, Rus
<br />canarygrass, and timothy. Legumes
<br />alfalfa, s+ceetclocer, red closer, mt
<br />ii'ild IaerLnceoxs ptat+ts are natit
<br />rennial grasses, lochs, and +ceeds th
<br />coyer for upland +cildlife. E~;un
<br />plants typical of the area :u'e Indiat
<br />n•heatgrass, alkali sarlhm, blue gr;
<br />tail barley, and alkali cordgrass.
<br />G'uni~erous plants are cone-beard
<br />that proside cosec and frequenlh'
<br />form of browse, seeds or fruit-lik
<br />moots gru+y in their natural em•irut
<br />be planted and managed. Typical pl
<br />pinyon pine, and ,juniper. Aspen, cot
<br />mental trees and shrubs are also incl
<br />RlnnGs produce bud:, hcigs, hart:
<br />food be +yildlife. Thee also prosid
<br />for some wildlife species. 't'hese pla
<br />;rru+s in their nahu;tl enyirunmet
<br />bush. rabbitbrush. sngelnvsh. and g
<br />C;11.
<br />Ih•rllrrud plants are aununl ;utd p
<br />plants that gro+v wild nn moist and
<br />nieh fond and cover mostly for ~yetl
<br />cal examples are smart+yeed, tufte
<br />rush and other rushes, srrlges, catt
<br />redg'rass. Submerged and (hinting
<br />included in this categm y.
<br />Shnl(ar rr«tcr a,crrrc ;ue areas of
<br />average depth of less than ~i feet.
<br />wilrilife. They nuly he n;ttut•al +n
<br />created b}' dams or levees nr by n•a
<br />in marshes or streams. Typic;rl exam
<br />feeding areas, wildlife +cnlering dey~
<br />ponds. and bearer ponds.
<br />Table 3 rates the soils accm•din~
<br />as habitat for the four kinds of +yil~
<br />v~ea-openland, +yoorihunl, wetlanr
<br />Onlc openland and wellanrl are con
<br />In both tables the rntiu,*,s under tl
<br />of +yildlife" are closets related to
<br />meats of t+ildlife habitat." Fm• exan
<br />rerlJ poor for shallm+' n'nler rlecclnp
<br />rcrl/ poor for wetland +cilrllife.
<br />Opentrtnd u'ildtijr me birds and
<br />lanri, pashue, meadows, la++ns, and
<br />+Iith g~t:•tsses, herbs, sln•ubs, and +-ii
<br />the greater sandhill crane, pheasant.
<br />Inrk, mourning close. Killdeer, cott
<br />and yellow-bellied nuu'mot.
<br />+,. ,
<br />1 ~!.
<br />49
<br />s take into account
<br />losely related natu-
<br />\' do not take into
<br />e present distribu-
<br />reason, selection of
<br />requires inspection
<br />grain-producing
<br />•e domestic grasses
<br />by planting mtrl
<br />e. Grasses v'e tall
<br />i:ut +cilrirce- reed
<br />commonly' used are
<br />alsike closer.
<br />or introduced pe-
<br />t provide food and
<br />ley oC herbaceous
<br />ricegrass.+yestern
<br />nta, saltgrass, fnx-
<br />trees and shrubs
<br />rnish food in the
<br />cones. Thee cnm-
<br />tent, but the~• can
<br />tts are spruce. fn',
<br />nr+yood, and orna-
<br />m' foliage used as
<br />coyer :uuh shade
<br />s mast cnmmnnh'
<br />Fnur+cin;t salt-
<br />'ase++~nnrl are typi-
<br />ennial herbaceous
<br />et sites. They fur-
<br />nd +yildliCe. Tclii-
<br />hnirgrass, .cltike-
<br />iils. and northern
<br />aquatic. arc not
<br />stn'face water. an
<br />.hot are useful to
<br />t ;ueas or those
<br />er-cnnU'nl rlecices
<br />rtes ore +yaterfnwl
<br />Inpmettts. +yildlife
<br />~ their suitability
<br />ife in the survey
<br />and rangeland.
<br />dererl in table ~I.
<br />he;lding "Binds
<br />rose under "Ele-
<br />rlc, soils r.•tted ns
<br />eats are likewise
<br />namnrals of crop-
<br />areas overgrown
<br />es. Examples are
<br />+yestern nteadn+v-
<br />mtail, ,jackrabbit,
<br />
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